Carrot pathogens (Alternaria radicina, A. dauci)

Abstract

Carrot is a very popular and frequently consumed vegetable. Production area as well as economic value of carrot production in the world is growing constantly. Organic car- rot is among the most popular organic vegetable and giving the greatest profits. Organic carrot attracts more and more attention of growers as well as consumers. Fungi belonging to genus Alternaria, especially A. dauci, causing carrot leaf spot and decay, and A. radicina, causing carrot black rot, can jeopardize of yield quantity as well as quality. Their presence and disease intensity should constantly be controlled in all production phases. In our Serbia, the presence of both, A. dauci and A. radicina, is established and proved every year. Control of presence and intensity of diseases caused by these two important carrot pathogens is very complicated. Control must include simultaneous use of several different measures among which is sawing pathogen free seed the most important. Both diseases can be controlled by chemical and cultural measures, but employment of these measures in the conditions of high inoculum pressure is of limited efficiency. Pathogen free seed is the only efficient first step in order to obtain stabile and good quality carrots.

Mrkva je veoma traženo i korišćeno povrće. Površine na kojima se gaji, kao i ekonomski značaj, u stalnom su porastu u svetu. Organski proizvedena mrkva spada u najtraženije povrće u svetu, koje najčešće donosi i veliki profit. Gljive koje pripadaju rodu Alternaria, naročito A. dauci, koja izaziva lisnu pegavost i sušenje lista i A. radicina, koja izaziva crnu trulež, mogu da ugroze celokupnu proizvodnju. Prisustvo ova dva značajna patogena, kao i jačinu bolesti koje izazivaju, treba stalno pratiti i kontrolisati u svim fazama proizvodnje. Prisustvo A. dauci i A. radicina redovno je svake godine u našoj zemlji. Kontrola jačine bolesti, koje ove dve gljive izazivaju, veoma je teška i komplikovana. Suzbijanje mora da uključi istovremenu primenu različitih mera, među kojima je najvažnija setva nezaraženog semena. Oba patogena mogu da se suzbijaju hemijskim i agrotehničkim merama, ali je njihova efikasnost u slovima visokog infekcionog pritiska ograničena.