The effect of pruning on physical properties of fruits in hazelnut cultivars

Abstract

As hazelnut is very important in the food production full acquaintance with all physical properties of its fruits as well as with all measures contributing to the improvement of the properties is required. Average three-year results of evaluation of the effect of pruning on morphometrical indicators of fruits and kernel suggest the existence of very important differences in treatments in hazelnut cvs Roman and Tonda Gentile delle Langhe. Fruit shape index as well as kernel shape index have not presented any variations in either of the cultivars, although changes in the values of the indices have occurred. Fruit weight in pruned bushes of hazelnut cultivars is 10.03 - 18.46% higher than fruit weight in the unpruned ones. Kernel weight is in correlation with the fruit weight. In all three cultivars the unpruned bushes gave fruits with higher percentage of kernel compared to the pruned ones, difference ranging from 1.46 - 4.88%. Significant differences are displays in respect of fruit volume by treatments, and the ratios are as follows: 5.02 : 4.35 cm³, 4.91 : 4.31 cm³, and 3.52 :3.15 cm³. Number of fruits per kilogram ranges from 240 in pruned to 360 in unpruned bushes. Share of branchlets with greater number of fruits in pruned bushes increases along with their share in total yield.

U radu su prikazani rezultati uticaja rezidbe na fizičke osobine plodova tri sorte leske: Istarski dugi, Rimski i Tonda Gentile delle Langhe. Plodovi orezivanih žbunova imaju statistički vrlo značajno veću dužinu, širinu i debljinu od plodova neorezivanih žbunova. Masa ploda i jezgre su sortne karakteristike, ali su pod uticajem rezidbe ispoljene znatne razlike, tako da plodovi orezivanih žbunova sorte Istarski dugi imaju za 18,46% veću masu od neorezivanih žbunova, kod sorte Rimski za 14% i sorte Tonda Gentile delle Langhe za 10,03%. Plodovi sve tri ispitivane sorte javljaju se kako pojedinačno tako i u račvicama od 1 - 8, ali je rezidba uticala na povećanje procenata račvica sa većim brojem plodova u njima.