The effect of pruning on length of the fruiting branches and formation of inflorescence, glomerula and the vegetative buds in major hazelnut cultivars

Abstract

The effect of pruning on length of the fruiting branches, distribution of male and female florescence as well as yield of three hazelnut cultivars (Istrian long, Roman and Tonda Gentile delle Langhe) have been studied. The experiment has been carried out at the experimental field 'Radmilovac', premises of the Faculty of Agriculture, Zemun. Pruning exhibited considerable effect on all evaluated parameters. Acquaintance with the zones of formation of male and female flowers is of major importance for adequate application of pruning. Zones in which both male and female flowers mostly occur largely coincide in the fruiting branches of the same length. Fruiting branches up to 10 cm length should never be cut, as by the removal of the terminal and the initial nodus 85% of the fully formed female flowers on respective branch would be eliminated. Differences in fruit weight between pruned and unpruned bushes ranged from 4.35% to 10.99%, whereas yield differences were about 20%.

Primenom agrotehničkih mera kao što su obrada, đubrenje i navodnjavanje obezbeđuje se uspevanje leske, ali se pun uspeh u toj proizvodnji može ostvariti tek onda ako se sa ovim merama kombinuju i raznovrsne mere kojima se uglavnom regulišu vegetativno rastenje i generativni razvitak. U nizu tih mera najveći značaj ima rezidba, kojom se usklađuje vegetativni i generativni potencijal. U ovom radu ispitivan je uticaj rezidbe na produktivnost rodnih grančica tri sorte leske: Istarski dugi, Rimski i Tonda Gentile delle Langhe. Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju na postojanje značajnih razlika između ispitivanih obeležja, kao što su dužina rodnih grančica, broj i raspored muških i ženskih cvasti na grančici, morfometrija ploda, randman i prinos. Ispitivanja su imale za cilj da utvrde da li i u kojoj meri rezidba utiče na rast i rodnost u cilju intenziviranja proizvodnje lešnika.