Genetic analysis of inheritance and mutual relationships among yield components, morphological-biological traits and yield of green mass of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.)

Abstract

Diallel crosses involving five divergent red clover genotypes (two varieties Junior and Diana, and three populations, Vlaška, BL-3 and M-11) were made at the Experiment Field of the Forage Crops Department of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad. During the 2001-2002 period, progenies obtained in the crosses were tested for stem length, stem thickness, length of central lamina, yield of green mass per plant, start of flowering persistence and growth habit. The analysis of phenotypic variance showed that the additive gene action played the dominant role in the inheritance of stem length, yield of green mass per plant and growth habit. Partial dominance was the most frequent mode of inheritance. A larger contribution of dominant variance to total genotypic variance and low values of narrow sense heritability (hn2) were obtained for stem thickness (16.67% and 23.07% respectively). In both study years (2001-2002), using path coefficient analysis, we observed significant direct effects of stem length on green mass yield per plant (9.09*, and 6.23*, respectively).

U radu je korišćeno pet divergentnih genotipova crvene deteline (dve sorte Junior, Diana i tri populacije: Vlaška, BL-3, M-l1) koje su dialelno ukrštene. Eksperimentalni deo ogleda je bio urađen na oglednom polju Zavoda za krmno bilje Naučnog Instituta za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo u Novom Sadu. Tokom 2001 i 2002 godine izvršeno je testiranje dobijenog potomstva u odnosu na ispitivane osobine (dužina stabljike, debljina stabljike, dužina centralne liske, prinos zelene mase po biljci, vreme početka cvetanja, perzistentnost i forma rasta). Analizom fenotipske varijanse može se zaključiti da je aditivan način delovanja gena imao dominantnu ulogu u nasleđivanju: dužine stabljike prinosa zelene mase po biljci, forme rasta, a kao najčešći način nasleđivanja ispoljila se parcijalna dominacija. Veće učešće dominantne varijanse u ukupnoj genotipskoj varijansi, kao i niske vrednosti heritabilnosti u užem smislu (hn2) su dobijene za: debljinu stabljike (16,67 % i 23,07 %). Tokom obe godine (2001-2002) analizom path koeficijenta utvrđen je značajan direktan efekat dužine stabljike na prinos zelene mase po biljci crvene deteline (9,09*, odnosno 6,23*).