Effects of crop density and herbicide application on floristic composition and structure of maize weed community

Abstract

Effects of crop density and herbicide application on distribution of weed species within maize weed community in the location of Zemun Polje were studied. During the maize growing season in 1996 and 1997, floristic composition and structure of weed community were surveyed. Furthermore, number of species, number of plants per species and fresh weight of all weeds per area unit over all densities in both, treated and nontreated variants, were also determined. Changes, occurring under effects of higher maize crop densities and herbicide application, were analyzed on the basis of distributed weed species and their plants per species. Moreover, relative distribution of certain weed groups was determined. Significant effects of crop density x herbicide application interaction were observed in reduction of relative distribution of certain broad leafed and perennial weeds within total maize weediness at Zemun Polje. .

Proučavan je uticaj gustine gajenja useva i primene herbicida na zastupljenost vrsta korova u korovskoj zajednici kukuruza, na lokalitetu Zemun Polja. Tokom vegetacionog perioda kukuruza u 1996. i 1997. godini, sniman je floristički sastav i građa korovske zajednice i utvrđen broj vrsta, broj njihovih jedinki i sveža masa svih korova po jedinici površine, u svakoj gustini. Na varijanti sa i bez primene herbicida. Na osnovu zastupljenosti vrsta korova i njihovih jedinki analizirane su promene nastale pod uticajem povećanja gustine kukuruza i usled primene herbicida i izračunata relativna zastupljenost pojedinih grupa korova. U obe godine ispitivanja došlo je do redukcije korovske zajednice sa povećanjem gustine useva u uslovima bez, a naročito u uslovima sa primenom herbicida. Značajan uticaj interakcije gustine i primene herbicida je ostvaren kod smanjenja relativnog učešća grupe uskolisnih i višegodišnjih korova u ukupnoj zakorovljenosti kukuruza Zemun Polja. .