Global market of cereals: A comparative regional approach

Abstract

The aim of the study was to analyze the regional distribution of cereal production, trade and consumption. Significant regional differences were registered with regard to output, structure and dynamics of cereal production, trade and consumption from the standpoint of both continents and countries of the world. The differences may be attributed to numerous natural, social and economic factors. Countries having favorable environmental and climatic conditions, enhanced social, economic, scientific technical and technological standards are leading in both world production and export of cereals. In addition, thanks to the high standards of living the consumption of cereals per capita in these countries is known to be comparatively low in relation to commodities of animal origin. On the other hand, underdeveloped and developing countries having unfavorable climatic conditions are known to produce a smaller part of the world cereals and to absorb a greater part of the world import of cereal based commodities. Due to the lower living standard these countries are known to be considerable consumers of cereals per capita whereas the consumption of commodities of animal origin is considerably low.

U predmetnom radu data je regionalno-komparativna analiza proizvodnje prometa i potrošnje žita, kako na nivou kontinenata tako i na nivou pojedinih zemalja sveta. Posebno su izučene tendencije posmatranih pojava, odnosno njihov obim, dinamika i struktura. Definisani su regioni, odnosno zemlje najveći proizvođači i najveći izvoznici i uvoznici analiziranih proizvoda. Po istim kriterijumima i za iste pojave, definisana je i međunarodna pozicija Srbije. I najzad, data je kvantitativna i kvalitativna analiza uzročno-posledičnih odnosa svih relevantnih pojava.