TY  - JOUR
AU  - Jovanović, Aleksandra A.
AU  - Lević, Steva
AU  - Pavlović, Vladimir
AU  - Marković, Smilja
AU  - Pjanović, Rada V.
AU  - Đorđević, Verica B.
AU  - Nedović, Viktor
AU  - Bugarski, Branko
PY  - 2021
UR  - http://aspace.agrif.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5895
AB  - Freeze drying was compared with spray drying regarding feasibility to process wild thyme drugs in order to obtain dry formulations at laboratory scale starting from liquid extracts produced by different extraction methods: maceration and heat-, ultrasound-, and microwave-assisted extractions. Higher total powder yield (based on the dry weight prior to extraction) was achieved by freeze than spray drying and lower loss of total polyphenol content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) due to the drying process. Gelatin as a coating agent (5% w/w) provided better TPC recovery by 70% in case of lyophilization and higher total powder yield in case of spray drying by diminishing material deposition on the wall of the drying chamber. The resulting gelatin-free and gelatin-containing powders carried polyphenols in amount ~190 and 53-75 mg gallic acid equivalents GAE/g of powder, respectively. Microwave-assisted extract formulation was distinguished from the others by a higher content of polyphenols, proteins and sugars, higher bulk density and lower solubility. The type of the drying process mainly affected the position of the gelatin-derived -OH and amide bands in FTIR spectra. Spray-dried formulations compared to freeze-dried expressed higher thermal stability as confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry analysis and a higher diffusion coefficient; the last feature can be associated with the lower specific surface area of irregularly shaped freeze-dried particles (151-223 µm) compared to small microspheres (~8 µm) in spray-dried powder.
PB  - MDPI AG
T2  - Molecules
T1  - Freeze vs. Spray Drying for Dry Wild Thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.) Extract Formulations: The Impact of Gelatin as a Coating Material
IS  - 13
SP  - 3933
VL  - 26
DO  - 10.3390/molecules26133933
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Jovanović, Aleksandra A. and Lević, Steva and Pavlović, Vladimir and Marković, Smilja and Pjanović, Rada V. and Đorđević, Verica B. and Nedović, Viktor and Bugarski, Branko",
year = "2021",
abstract = "Freeze drying was compared with spray drying regarding feasibility to process wild thyme drugs in order to obtain dry formulations at laboratory scale starting from liquid extracts produced by different extraction methods: maceration and heat-, ultrasound-, and microwave-assisted extractions. Higher total powder yield (based on the dry weight prior to extraction) was achieved by freeze than spray drying and lower loss of total polyphenol content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) due to the drying process. Gelatin as a coating agent (5% w/w) provided better TPC recovery by 70% in case of lyophilization and higher total powder yield in case of spray drying by diminishing material deposition on the wall of the drying chamber. The resulting gelatin-free and gelatin-containing powders carried polyphenols in amount ~190 and 53-75 mg gallic acid equivalents GAE/g of powder, respectively. Microwave-assisted extract formulation was distinguished from the others by a higher content of polyphenols, proteins and sugars, higher bulk density and lower solubility. The type of the drying process mainly affected the position of the gelatin-derived -OH and amide bands in FTIR spectra. Spray-dried formulations compared to freeze-dried expressed higher thermal stability as confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry analysis and a higher diffusion coefficient; the last feature can be associated with the lower specific surface area of irregularly shaped freeze-dried particles (151-223 µm) compared to small microspheres (~8 µm) in spray-dried powder.",
publisher = "MDPI AG",
journal = "Molecules",
title = "Freeze vs. Spray Drying for Dry Wild Thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.) Extract Formulations: The Impact of Gelatin as a Coating Material",
number = "13",
pages = "3933",
volume = "26",
doi = "10.3390/molecules26133933"
}

Jovanović, A. A., Lević, S., Pavlović, V., Marković, S., Pjanović, R. V., Đorđević, V. B., Nedović, V.,& Bugarski, B.. (2021). Freeze vs. Spray Drying for Dry Wild Thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.) Extract Formulations: The Impact of Gelatin as a Coating Material. in Molecules
MDPI AG., 26(13), 3933.
https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26133933

Jovanović AA, Lević S, Pavlović V, Marković S, Pjanović RV, Đorđević VB, Nedović V, Bugarski B. Freeze vs. Spray Drying for Dry Wild Thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.) Extract Formulations: The Impact of Gelatin as a Coating Material. in Molecules. 2021;26(13):3933.
doi:10.3390/molecules26133933 .

Jovanović, Aleksandra A., Lević, Steva, Pavlović, Vladimir, Marković, Smilja, Pjanović, Rada V., Đorđević, Verica B., Nedović, Viktor, Bugarski, Branko, "Freeze vs. Spray Drying for Dry Wild Thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.) Extract Formulations: The Impact of Gelatin as a Coating Material" in Molecules, 26, no. 13 (2021):3933,
https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26133933 . .