TY  - JOUR
AU  - Malnar, Maja
AU  - Radojičić, Vesna
AU  - Kulić, Gordana
AU  - Dinić, Zoran
AU  - Cvetković, Olga
PY  - 2023
UR  - http://aspace.agrif.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6322
AB  - As a tobacco producer, Serbia has to deal with large amounts of leftover tobacco stalks after harvesting. One option for this type of biomass is to burn it, but burning is not encouraged in Serbia, since the levels of its combustion products have not been investigated yet. The aim of this study was therefore to determine the elemental composition, ash and nicotine content, heat values, and composition of gaseous combustion products of tobacco stalk briquettes and to see if their mixing with other types of biomass available in Serbia could improve their ecological profile. We made 11 different types of briquettes: six of pure raw materials, including burley tobacco stalks, sunflower head remains, wheat straw, corncob, soy straw, and beech sawdust and five by mixing tobacco stalks with these other raw materials in a 50:50 mass ratio. All briquettes meet the ecological criteria regarding the emission limits for nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulphur dioxide, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide. Nicotine content in flue gases (<10 mg/kg) is far below the maximum level allowed by the European Union. Heat values of all biomass samples are acceptable, although lower than those specified for solid biofuels (≥16.0 MJ/kg), save for corncob and beech sawdust and their mixtures with tobacco stalks. Our findings therefore encourage the use of tobacco stalks as a viable biofuel. © 2023 Maja Malnar et al., published by Sciendo.
T2  - Arhiv za Higijenu Rada i Toksikologiju
T2  - Arhiv za Higijenu Rada i Toksikologiju
T1  - Energy and emission properties of burley tobacco stalk briquettes and its combinations with other biomass as promising replacement for coal
EP  - 68
IS  - 1
SP  - 61
VL  - 74
DO  - 10.2478/aiht-2023-74-3630
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Malnar, Maja and Radojičić, Vesna and Kulić, Gordana and Dinić, Zoran and Cvetković, Olga",
year = "2023",
abstract = "As a tobacco producer, Serbia has to deal with large amounts of leftover tobacco stalks after harvesting. One option for this type of biomass is to burn it, but burning is not encouraged in Serbia, since the levels of its combustion products have not been investigated yet. The aim of this study was therefore to determine the elemental composition, ash and nicotine content, heat values, and composition of gaseous combustion products of tobacco stalk briquettes and to see if their mixing with other types of biomass available in Serbia could improve their ecological profile. We made 11 different types of briquettes: six of pure raw materials, including burley tobacco stalks, sunflower head remains, wheat straw, corncob, soy straw, and beech sawdust and five by mixing tobacco stalks with these other raw materials in a 50:50 mass ratio. All briquettes meet the ecological criteria regarding the emission limits for nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulphur dioxide, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide. Nicotine content in flue gases (<10 mg/kg) is far below the maximum level allowed by the European Union. Heat values of all biomass samples are acceptable, although lower than those specified for solid biofuels (≥16.0 MJ/kg), save for corncob and beech sawdust and their mixtures with tobacco stalks. Our findings therefore encourage the use of tobacco stalks as a viable biofuel. © 2023 Maja Malnar et al., published by Sciendo.",
journal = "Arhiv za Higijenu Rada i Toksikologiju, Arhiv za Higijenu Rada i Toksikologiju",
title = "Energy and emission properties of burley tobacco stalk briquettes and its combinations with other biomass as promising replacement for coal",
pages = "68-61",
number = "1",
volume = "74",
doi = "10.2478/aiht-2023-74-3630"
}

Malnar, M., Radojičić, V., Kulić, G., Dinić, Z.,& Cvetković, O.. (2023). Energy and emission properties of burley tobacco stalk briquettes and its combinations with other biomass as promising replacement for coal. in Arhiv za Higijenu Rada i Toksikologiju, 74(1), 61-68.
https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2023-74-3630

Malnar M, Radojičić V, Kulić G, Dinić Z, Cvetković O. Energy and emission properties of burley tobacco stalk briquettes and its combinations with other biomass as promising replacement for coal. in Arhiv za Higijenu Rada i Toksikologiju. 2023;74(1):61-68.
doi:10.2478/aiht-2023-74-3630 .

Malnar, Maja, Radojičić, Vesna, Kulić, Gordana, Dinić, Zoran, Cvetković, Olga, "Energy and emission properties of burley tobacco stalk briquettes and its combinations with other biomass as promising replacement for coal" in Arhiv za Higijenu Rada i Toksikologiju, 74, no. 1 (2023):61-68,
https://doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2023-74-3630 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Radojičić, Vesna
AU  - Cvetković, Olga G.
PY  - 2004
UR  - http://aspace.agrif.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/720
AB  - The aim of this work was to examine the influence of growing conditions on heavy metal content in virginia (flue cured) and burley (air cured) tobacco type. Moreover, some of these metals could appear in the tobacco cigarette smoke. This fact may cause negative consequences for cigarette consumers. Examinations were carried out in five various production areas, for each tobacco type, during two years, 1998 and 1999; those were extreme years for production.	Considering the results, it can be concluded: The most important factor for heavy metal content in tobacco leaves are weather conditions especially the amount of rainfall, since there is a direct correlation between the rainfall and size of roots, a dominant vegetation organ. It is inevitable that the metals content in flue cured and air cured tobaccos grown at different experimental lots, is still below the legally prescribed values. Tobacco leaves from Šabac production area have a little higher metal content than tobacco grown in other production areas, because a larger amount of copper was found. The metal content in plants can increase because of its absorption from soil, atmosphere, or mineral fertilizers and pesticides, and, what is very important, the content of metals can be high due to the vicinity of large industrial centers.
AB  - Poznato je da su metali prisutni u biljkama u količinama koje zavise od vrste biljke, klime i drugih faktora. Cilj ovog rada je ispitivanje direktnih uslova gajenja na sadržaj teških metala u duvanima tipa virdžinija, sorta Heveši-9 i tipa berlej, sorta B-92. Neki od ovih metala mogu da pređu u duvanski dim cigarete, što može imati neželjene posledice za pušača. Ispitivanja su vršena u po 5 različitih proizvodnih područja Srbije, za svaki tip duvana, tokom dve godine, 1998. i 1999., koje su bile ekstremne za proizvodnju duvana. Sumirajući rezultate dvogodišnjih istraživanja možemo zaključiti sledeće: Upotreba NPK đubriva nije imala uticaja na sadržaj teških metala u duvanima. Od klimatskih faktora, na sadržaj teških metala u duvanu najveći značaj imaju padavine. Usled različite količine padavina dolazi do razlike u ekspanziji korena biljaka, pa su posledica toga različite količine mikroelemenata, koje se preko korena asimiluju. Duvani iz proizvodnog područja Šapca, sadrže bakar u koncentracijama nešto većim od dozvoljenih za duvan, kao i nešto više vrednosti sadržaja ostalih teških metala u odnosu na duvan gajen na drugim lokalitetima. Na ovu pojavu bi mogla da utiče blizina industrijske zone, kao i sastav zemljišta i primena zaštitnih sredstava.
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu - Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd
T2  - Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Belgrade)
T1  - Heavy metal content in flue cured and air cured tobaccos from main production areas in Serbia
T1  - Sadržaj teških metala u krupnolisnim duvanima gajenim u glavnim proizvodnim područjima Srbije
EP  - 167
IS  - 2
SP  - 159
VL  - 49
DO  - 10.2298/JAS0402159R
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Radojičić, Vesna and Cvetković, Olga G.",
year = "2004",
abstract = "The aim of this work was to examine the influence of growing conditions on heavy metal content in virginia (flue cured) and burley (air cured) tobacco type. Moreover, some of these metals could appear in the tobacco cigarette smoke. This fact may cause negative consequences for cigarette consumers. Examinations were carried out in five various production areas, for each tobacco type, during two years, 1998 and 1999; those were extreme years for production.	Considering the results, it can be concluded: The most important factor for heavy metal content in tobacco leaves are weather conditions especially the amount of rainfall, since there is a direct correlation between the rainfall and size of roots, a dominant vegetation organ. It is inevitable that the metals content in flue cured and air cured tobaccos grown at different experimental lots, is still below the legally prescribed values. Tobacco leaves from Šabac production area have a little higher metal content than tobacco grown in other production areas, because a larger amount of copper was found. The metal content in plants can increase because of its absorption from soil, atmosphere, or mineral fertilizers and pesticides, and, what is very important, the content of metals can be high due to the vicinity of large industrial centers., Poznato je da su metali prisutni u biljkama u količinama koje zavise od vrste biljke, klime i drugih faktora. Cilj ovog rada je ispitivanje direktnih uslova gajenja na sadržaj teških metala u duvanima tipa virdžinija, sorta Heveši-9 i tipa berlej, sorta B-92. Neki od ovih metala mogu da pređu u duvanski dim cigarete, što može imati neželjene posledice za pušača. Ispitivanja su vršena u po 5 različitih proizvodnih područja Srbije, za svaki tip duvana, tokom dve godine, 1998. i 1999., koje su bile ekstremne za proizvodnju duvana. Sumirajući rezultate dvogodišnjih istraživanja možemo zaključiti sledeće: Upotreba NPK đubriva nije imala uticaja na sadržaj teških metala u duvanima. Od klimatskih faktora, na sadržaj teških metala u duvanu najveći značaj imaju padavine. Usled različite količine padavina dolazi do razlike u ekspanziji korena biljaka, pa su posledica toga različite količine mikroelemenata, koje se preko korena asimiluju. Duvani iz proizvodnog područja Šapca, sadrže bakar u koncentracijama nešto većim od dozvoljenih za duvan, kao i nešto više vrednosti sadržaja ostalih teških metala u odnosu na duvan gajen na drugim lokalitetima. Na ovu pojavu bi mogla da utiče blizina industrijske zone, kao i sastav zemljišta i primena zaštitnih sredstava.",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu - Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd",
journal = "Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Belgrade)",
title = "Heavy metal content in flue cured and air cured tobaccos from main production areas in Serbia, Sadržaj teških metala u krupnolisnim duvanima gajenim u glavnim proizvodnim područjima Srbije",
pages = "167-159",
number = "2",
volume = "49",
doi = "10.2298/JAS0402159R"
}

Radojičić, V.,& Cvetković, O. G.. (2004). Heavy metal content in flue cured and air cured tobaccos from main production areas in Serbia. in Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Belgrade)
Univerzitet u Beogradu - Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd., 49(2), 159-167.
https://doi.org/10.2298/JAS0402159R

Radojičić V, Cvetković OG. Heavy metal content in flue cured and air cured tobaccos from main production areas in Serbia. in Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Belgrade). 2004;49(2):159-167.
doi:10.2298/JAS0402159R .

Radojičić, Vesna, Cvetković, Olga G., "Heavy metal content in flue cured and air cured tobaccos from main production areas in Serbia" in Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Belgrade), 49, no. 2 (2004):159-167,
https://doi.org/10.2298/JAS0402159R . .