TY  - CONF
AU  - Graora, Draga Đ.
AU  - Simonović, Marija Z.
AU  - Dervišević, Marina
AU  - Miletić, Novica
PY  - 2021
UR  - http://aspace.agrif.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/6806
AB  - San Jose scale, Comstockaspis perniciosa (Comstock) is polyphagous species which
inhabits many fruit trees, most commonly apple, pear and cherry. It is a quarantine
pest in many countries. However, in Serbia it has recently lost this status. Presence
of San Jose scale on fruits intended for export is not allowed. Presence and
harmfulness of C. perniciosa were evaluated on cherry (Prunus avium L.) during
2020/21 in Radmilovac locality. The orchard was in the seventh year of age and the
dominant variety was Burlat. In order to reduce scale population, late winter
treatment with mineral oil (Nitropol, 1.5%) was done on 25.02.2021 in phenophase
swelling buds. Infested twigs were sampled troughout the season. After sampling,
the abundance of scales, as well as their vitality, were monitored in laboratory using
binocular. San Jose scale develops three generation per year and overwinters as first
instar larvae on woody parts of the cherry. In the observed locality, all above-ground
parts of the plant were heavily infested. Feeding of such a high number of individuals
caused redness, yellowing and drying of the leaves as well as drying of thin twigs.
The symptoms on trunk and branches were manifested in the form of wounds from
which amber-colored resin is excreted. It darkens over time and the bark of the tree
cracks and dries. Damaged plants are physiologically weakened, do not have
sufficient nutrients for the formation of fertile buds, they are more susceptible to the
attacks of other pests and diseases, as well as to frosts. Since scale is easily
transmitted by plant material, strict phytosanitary control and use of healthy plant
material are the best preventive measures for controlling this pest. Late winter
treatment of cherry trees is necessary measure for controling this pest. During this
research, the use of mineral oil-based preparation has achieved good results, thus
reducing populations of C. perniciosa to a minimum.
PB  - University of Banja Luka Faculty of Agriculture University City Bulevar vojvode Petra Bojovića 1A 78000 Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, B&H
C3  - X International Symposium on Agricultural Sciences "AgroReS 2021" 27-29, May, 2021; Trebinje, Bosnia and Herzegovina
T1  - Presence and harmfulness of San Jose scale, Comstockaspis perniciosa (Comstock) on cherry trees.
EP  - 71
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_6806
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Graora, Draga Đ. and Simonović, Marija Z. and Dervišević, Marina and Miletić, Novica",
year = "2021",
abstract = "San Jose scale, Comstockaspis perniciosa (Comstock) is polyphagous species which
inhabits many fruit trees, most commonly apple, pear and cherry. It is a quarantine
pest in many countries. However, in Serbia it has recently lost this status. Presence
of San Jose scale on fruits intended for export is not allowed. Presence and
harmfulness of C. perniciosa were evaluated on cherry (Prunus avium L.) during
2020/21 in Radmilovac locality. The orchard was in the seventh year of age and the
dominant variety was Burlat. In order to reduce scale population, late winter
treatment with mineral oil (Nitropol, 1.5%) was done on 25.02.2021 in phenophase
swelling buds. Infested twigs were sampled troughout the season. After sampling,
the abundance of scales, as well as their vitality, were monitored in laboratory using
binocular. San Jose scale develops three generation per year and overwinters as first
instar larvae on woody parts of the cherry. In the observed locality, all above-ground
parts of the plant were heavily infested. Feeding of such a high number of individuals
caused redness, yellowing and drying of the leaves as well as drying of thin twigs.
The symptoms on trunk and branches were manifested in the form of wounds from
which amber-colored resin is excreted. It darkens over time and the bark of the tree
cracks and dries. Damaged plants are physiologically weakened, do not have
sufficient nutrients for the formation of fertile buds, they are more susceptible to the
attacks of other pests and diseases, as well as to frosts. Since scale is easily
transmitted by plant material, strict phytosanitary control and use of healthy plant
material are the best preventive measures for controlling this pest. Late winter
treatment of cherry trees is necessary measure for controling this pest. During this
research, the use of mineral oil-based preparation has achieved good results, thus
reducing populations of C. perniciosa to a minimum.",
publisher = "University of Banja Luka Faculty of Agriculture University City Bulevar vojvode Petra Bojovića 1A 78000 Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, B&H",
journal = "X International Symposium on Agricultural Sciences "AgroReS 2021" 27-29, May, 2021; Trebinje, Bosnia and Herzegovina",
title = "Presence and harmfulness of San Jose scale, Comstockaspis perniciosa (Comstock) on cherry trees.",
pages = "71",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_6806"
}

Graora, D. Đ., Simonović, M. Z., Dervišević, M.,& Miletić, N.. (2021). Presence and harmfulness of San Jose scale, Comstockaspis perniciosa (Comstock) on cherry trees.. in X International Symposium on Agricultural Sciences "AgroReS 2021" 27-29, May, 2021; Trebinje, Bosnia and Herzegovina
University of Banja Luka Faculty of Agriculture University City Bulevar vojvode Petra Bojovića 1A 78000 Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, B&H..
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_6806

Graora DĐ, Simonović MZ, Dervišević M, Miletić N. Presence and harmfulness of San Jose scale, Comstockaspis perniciosa (Comstock) on cherry trees.. in X International Symposium on Agricultural Sciences "AgroReS 2021" 27-29, May, 2021; Trebinje, Bosnia and Herzegovina. 2021;:null-71.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_6806 .

Graora, Draga Đ., Simonović, Marija Z., Dervišević, Marina, Miletić, Novica, "Presence and harmfulness of San Jose scale, Comstockaspis perniciosa (Comstock) on cherry trees." in X International Symposium on Agricultural Sciences "AgroReS 2021" 27-29, May, 2021; Trebinje, Bosnia and Herzegovina (2021),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_6806 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dervišević, Marina
AU  - Graora, Draga
PY  - 2019
UR  - http://aspace.agrif.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5106
AB  - Anthribus nebulosus Forster, 1770 (Coleoptera, Anthribidae) is a significant predator of soft scales from the Coccidae family. This paper presents data on the biology and efficacy of this species in Belgrade (Serbia) on five species of soft scales: Physokermes hemicryphus (Dalman), Physokermes piceae (Schrank), Eulecanium tiliae (L.), Parthenolecanium corni (Bouche) and Parthenolecanium rufulum (Cockerell) (Hemiptera, Coccidae). The life cycles of A. nebulosus and soft scales are synchronized. In April, the female A. nebulosus lays an egg under the body of a female soft scale. The hatched larva feeds on the eggs of the scale insect, passes through three stages of development, and then pupates under the scale exoskeleton. The duration of the embryonic and postembryonic development of the predator on these species of scales is similar. The only difference is in the duration of the development of third-stage larvae, which is reflected in the duration of the total development of the species that ranges from 43 to 49 days. The percentage of efficacy of A. nebulosus statistically significantly varies (p lt 0.001) among the studied species of soft scales, except between Ph. hemicryphus and E. tiliae. The highest percentage of efficacy (58.03%) was found in Ph. piceae, and the lowest (10.65%) in P. rufulum.
PB  - Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), Freising
T2  - Fresenius Environmental Bulletin
T1  - The life cycle and efficacy of anthribus nebulosus forster in reducing soft scale populations in Belgrade
EP  - 1985
IS  - 3
SP  - 1981
VL  - 28
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_5106
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Dervišević, Marina and Graora, Draga",
year = "2019",
abstract = "Anthribus nebulosus Forster, 1770 (Coleoptera, Anthribidae) is a significant predator of soft scales from the Coccidae family. This paper presents data on the biology and efficacy of this species in Belgrade (Serbia) on five species of soft scales: Physokermes hemicryphus (Dalman), Physokermes piceae (Schrank), Eulecanium tiliae (L.), Parthenolecanium corni (Bouche) and Parthenolecanium rufulum (Cockerell) (Hemiptera, Coccidae). The life cycles of A. nebulosus and soft scales are synchronized. In April, the female A. nebulosus lays an egg under the body of a female soft scale. The hatched larva feeds on the eggs of the scale insect, passes through three stages of development, and then pupates under the scale exoskeleton. The duration of the embryonic and postembryonic development of the predator on these species of scales is similar. The only difference is in the duration of the development of third-stage larvae, which is reflected in the duration of the total development of the species that ranges from 43 to 49 days. The percentage of efficacy of A. nebulosus statistically significantly varies (p lt 0.001) among the studied species of soft scales, except between Ph. hemicryphus and E. tiliae. The highest percentage of efficacy (58.03%) was found in Ph. piceae, and the lowest (10.65%) in P. rufulum.",
publisher = "Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), Freising",
journal = "Fresenius Environmental Bulletin",
title = "The life cycle and efficacy of anthribus nebulosus forster in reducing soft scale populations in Belgrade",
pages = "1985-1981",
number = "3",
volume = "28",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_5106"
}

Dervišević, M.,& Graora, D.. (2019). The life cycle and efficacy of anthribus nebulosus forster in reducing soft scale populations in Belgrade. in Fresenius Environmental Bulletin
Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), Freising., 28(3), 1981-1985.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_5106

Dervišević M, Graora D. The life cycle and efficacy of anthribus nebulosus forster in reducing soft scale populations in Belgrade. in Fresenius Environmental Bulletin. 2019;28(3):1981-1985.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_5106 .

Dervišević, Marina, Graora, Draga, "The life cycle and efficacy of anthribus nebulosus forster in reducing soft scale populations in Belgrade" in Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 28, no. 3 (2019):1981-1985,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_5106 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dervišević, Marina
AU  - Stojanović, Aleksandar
AU  - Simonović, Marija
AU  - Graora, Draga
PY  - 2019
UR  - http://aspace.agrif.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5156
AB  - The tritrophic relationships among the soft scale Physokermes hemicryphus (Dalman, 1826) (Hemiptera), the polyembryonic parasitoid Pseudorhopus testaceus (Ratzeburg, 1848) (Hymenoptera) and the predator Anthribus nebulosus Forster, 1770 (Coleoptera) is documented and reported for the first time. In Belgrade region (Serbia), in scale insects P. hemicryphus, the simultaneous presence of P. testaceus parasitoid larvae and A. nebulosus larvae has been registered. Larvae of A. nebulosus, apart from scales' eggs, also feed on larvae of parasitoids P. testaceus. Competitive interactions between these two species, which are natural enemies of P. hemicryphus, have not been known until now.
PB  - Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
T2  - Acta Zoologica Bulgarica
T1  - First Report of Tritrophic Relationships among Soft Scale Physokermes hemicryphus (Dalman, 1826) (Hemiptera), Polyembryonic Parasitoid Pseudorhopus testaceus (Ratzeburg, 1848) (Hymenoptera) and the Predator Anthribus nebulosus Forster, 1770 (Coleoptera)
EP  - 307
IS  - 2
SP  - 305
VL  - 71
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_5156
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Dervišević, Marina and Stojanović, Aleksandar and Simonović, Marija and Graora, Draga",
year = "2019",
abstract = "The tritrophic relationships among the soft scale Physokermes hemicryphus (Dalman, 1826) (Hemiptera), the polyembryonic parasitoid Pseudorhopus testaceus (Ratzeburg, 1848) (Hymenoptera) and the predator Anthribus nebulosus Forster, 1770 (Coleoptera) is documented and reported for the first time. In Belgrade region (Serbia), in scale insects P. hemicryphus, the simultaneous presence of P. testaceus parasitoid larvae and A. nebulosus larvae has been registered. Larvae of A. nebulosus, apart from scales' eggs, also feed on larvae of parasitoids P. testaceus. Competitive interactions between these two species, which are natural enemies of P. hemicryphus, have not been known until now.",
publisher = "Bulgarian Academy of Sciences",
journal = "Acta Zoologica Bulgarica",
title = "First Report of Tritrophic Relationships among Soft Scale Physokermes hemicryphus (Dalman, 1826) (Hemiptera), Polyembryonic Parasitoid Pseudorhopus testaceus (Ratzeburg, 1848) (Hymenoptera) and the Predator Anthribus nebulosus Forster, 1770 (Coleoptera)",
pages = "307-305",
number = "2",
volume = "71",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_5156"
}

Dervišević, M., Stojanović, A., Simonović, M.,& Graora, D.. (2019). First Report of Tritrophic Relationships among Soft Scale Physokermes hemicryphus (Dalman, 1826) (Hemiptera), Polyembryonic Parasitoid Pseudorhopus testaceus (Ratzeburg, 1848) (Hymenoptera) and the Predator Anthribus nebulosus Forster, 1770 (Coleoptera). in Acta Zoologica Bulgarica
Bulgarian Academy of Sciences., 71(2), 305-307.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_5156

Dervišević M, Stojanović A, Simonović M, Graora D. First Report of Tritrophic Relationships among Soft Scale Physokermes hemicryphus (Dalman, 1826) (Hemiptera), Polyembryonic Parasitoid Pseudorhopus testaceus (Ratzeburg, 1848) (Hymenoptera) and the Predator Anthribus nebulosus Forster, 1770 (Coleoptera). in Acta Zoologica Bulgarica. 2019;71(2):305-307.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_5156 .

Dervišević, Marina, Stojanović, Aleksandar, Simonović, Marija, Graora, Draga, "First Report of Tritrophic Relationships among Soft Scale Physokermes hemicryphus (Dalman, 1826) (Hemiptera), Polyembryonic Parasitoid Pseudorhopus testaceus (Ratzeburg, 1848) (Hymenoptera) and the Predator Anthribus nebulosus Forster, 1770 (Coleoptera)" in Acta Zoologica Bulgarica, 71, no. 2 (2019):305-307,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_5156 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Graora, Draga
AU  - Dervišević, Marina
AU  - Simonović, Marija
AU  - Smiljanić, Dragica
PY  - 2019
UR  - http://aspace.agrif.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5222
AB  - Numerous colonies of the brown soft scale, Coccus hesperidum (L.) (Hemiptera: Coccidae) were registered on chayote, Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw. (Cucurbitaceae) in Belgrade area, locality Zemun. Damages were caused by all development stages of scale which feed by sucking plant sap from leaves. In the case of high infestation, scales feed on fruits. As the result of scale feeding, numerous chlorotic spots occur, whicher merge into bright strips usually located by leaf nerves. In case of high level infestation, bright stripes cover the entire leaf surface which leads to discoloration of the leaves. Furthermore, brown soft scales produce large amounts of honeydew where sooty moulds develop, causing reduction of the photosynthesis and transpiration, as well as aesthetic appearance of the plant. This paper presents data on Coccus hesperidum morph ological-biological characteristics, as one of the chayote pests.
AB  - Na jednosemenoj tikvi, Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw. (Cucurbitaceae) u Beogradu - lokalitet Zemun, registrovane su brojne kolonije smeđe sočne štitaste vaši, Coccus hesperidum (L.) (Hemiptera: Coccidae). Oštećenja prouzrokuju svi razvojni stadijumi vaši, koji se hrane isisavanjem sokova pre svega iz listova, a pri jakom napadu i iz plodova. Usled ishrane, na listovima se uočavaju simptomi u vidu brojnih hlorotičnih pega koje se spajaju u svetle trake, najčešće duž nerava a u slučaju jakog napada, zahvataju skoro celu površinu, dovodeći do diskoloracije listova. Pored toga, na mednoj rosi koju luči ova vaš, razvijaju se gljive čađavice koje ometaju fotosintezu i transpiraciju kod biljke i narušavaju njen estetski izgled. U radu se daju podaci o osnovnim morfološko-biološkim karakteristikama Coccus hesperidum, kao jednoj od štetočina jednosemene tikve u našoj zemlji.
PB  - Univerzitet u Novom Sadu - Poljoprivredni fakultet - Departman za zaštitu bilja i životne sredine "dr Pavla Vukasovića", Novi Sad
T2  - Biljni lekar
T1  - Coccus hesperidum (L.) (Hemiptera: Coccidae): Pest of chayote, Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw. in Belgrade
T1  - Coccus hesperidum (L.) (Hemiptera: Coccidae) - štetočina jednosemene tikve, Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw u Beogradu
EP  - 465
IS  - 6
SP  - 457
VL  - 47
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_5222
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Graora, Draga and Dervišević, Marina and Simonović, Marija and Smiljanić, Dragica",
year = "2019",
abstract = "Numerous colonies of the brown soft scale, Coccus hesperidum (L.) (Hemiptera: Coccidae) were registered on chayote, Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw. (Cucurbitaceae) in Belgrade area, locality Zemun. Damages were caused by all development stages of scale which feed by sucking plant sap from leaves. In the case of high infestation, scales feed on fruits. As the result of scale feeding, numerous chlorotic spots occur, whicher merge into bright strips usually located by leaf nerves. In case of high level infestation, bright stripes cover the entire leaf surface which leads to discoloration of the leaves. Furthermore, brown soft scales produce large amounts of honeydew where sooty moulds develop, causing reduction of the photosynthesis and transpiration, as well as aesthetic appearance of the plant. This paper presents data on Coccus hesperidum morph ological-biological characteristics, as one of the chayote pests., Na jednosemenoj tikvi, Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw. (Cucurbitaceae) u Beogradu - lokalitet Zemun, registrovane su brojne kolonije smeđe sočne štitaste vaši, Coccus hesperidum (L.) (Hemiptera: Coccidae). Oštećenja prouzrokuju svi razvojni stadijumi vaši, koji se hrane isisavanjem sokova pre svega iz listova, a pri jakom napadu i iz plodova. Usled ishrane, na listovima se uočavaju simptomi u vidu brojnih hlorotičnih pega koje se spajaju u svetle trake, najčešće duž nerava a u slučaju jakog napada, zahvataju skoro celu površinu, dovodeći do diskoloracije listova. Pored toga, na mednoj rosi koju luči ova vaš, razvijaju se gljive čađavice koje ometaju fotosintezu i transpiraciju kod biljke i narušavaju njen estetski izgled. U radu se daju podaci o osnovnim morfološko-biološkim karakteristikama Coccus hesperidum, kao jednoj od štetočina jednosemene tikve u našoj zemlji.",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Novom Sadu - Poljoprivredni fakultet - Departman za zaštitu bilja i životne sredine "dr Pavla Vukasovića", Novi Sad",
journal = "Biljni lekar",
title = "Coccus hesperidum (L.) (Hemiptera: Coccidae): Pest of chayote, Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw. in Belgrade, Coccus hesperidum (L.) (Hemiptera: Coccidae) - štetočina jednosemene tikve, Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw u Beogradu",
pages = "465-457",
number = "6",
volume = "47",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_5222"
}

Graora, D., Dervišević, M., Simonović, M.,& Smiljanić, D.. (2019). Coccus hesperidum (L.) (Hemiptera: Coccidae): Pest of chayote, Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw. in Belgrade. in Biljni lekar
Univerzitet u Novom Sadu - Poljoprivredni fakultet - Departman za zaštitu bilja i životne sredine "dr Pavla Vukasovića", Novi Sad., 47(6), 457-465.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_5222

Graora D, Dervišević M, Simonović M, Smiljanić D. Coccus hesperidum (L.) (Hemiptera: Coccidae): Pest of chayote, Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw. in Belgrade. in Biljni lekar. 2019;47(6):457-465.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_5222 .

Graora, Draga, Dervišević, Marina, Simonović, Marija, Smiljanić, Dragica, "Coccus hesperidum (L.) (Hemiptera: Coccidae): Pest of chayote, Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw. in Belgrade" in Biljni lekar, 47, no. 6 (2019):457-465,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_5222 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Simonović, Marija
AU  - Dervišević, Marina
AU  - Graora, Draga
PY  - 2018
UR  - http://aspace.agrif.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4897
AB  - Small spruce bud scale, Physokermes hemicryphus (Dalman) (Hemiptera: Coccidae), is a Holarctic, oligophagous species developing on plants of the genera Picea and Abies (Pinaceae). It is a serious pest of Picea abies in Serbia, which causes drying and falling of needles, branches and even drying of entire plants. A study of the bionomy of Ph. hemicryphus was carried out at five locations in Serbia in 2016 and 2017. Ph. hemicryphus was found to develop one generation annually and to overwinter as second-instar larvae on spruce branches. Adults emerge at the beginning of April and oviposition takes place at the beginning of May. Larvae hatch in the second half of May; during summer they feed on spruce needles and moult into second-instar larvae in September. Scale populations are controlled by a number of natural enemies. Five species of parasitoid wasps were reared: Coccophagus lycimnia (Walker) (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), Metaphycus unicolor Hoffer, Microterys lunatus (Dalman), Pseudorhopus testaceus (Ratzeburg) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) and Pachyneuron muscarum (L.) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), as well as five predatory species: Anthribus nebulosus Forster (Coleoptera: Anthribidae), Exochomus quadripustulatus L., Scymnus abietis Paykull, Harmonia axyridis Pallas (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae). The most efficient parasitoid of Ph. hemicryphus was P. testaceus, reducing scale populations up to 28.97%, while the most efficient predator was A. nebulosus with an efficacy of up to 51.72%.
AB  - Physokermes hemicryphus (Dalman) (Hemiptera: Coccidae), mala smrčina štitasta vaš, je holarktička, oligofagna vrsta koja se razvija na biljkama iz rodova Picea i Abies (Pinaceae). Na napadnutim biljkama vaš obrazuje brojne kolonije prouzrokujući fiziološko slabljenje, sušenje i opadanje četina, grana, pa čak i cele biljke. Zbog obilnog lučenja medne rose, na koju se naseljavaju gljive čađavice, procesi fotosinteze i transpiracije su smanjeni, kao i estetska vrednost biljaka, zbog čega Ph. hemicryphus predstavlja značajnu štetočinu smrče. Proučavanje bionomije Ph. hemicryphus obavljeno je tokom 2016. i 2017. godine, na pet lokaliteta na teritoriji Srbije. Utvrđeno je da Ph. hemicryphus razvija jednu generaciju godišnje i da prezimljava kao larva drugog stupnja na granama smrče. Imago se javlja početkom aprila, a ovipozicija je početkom maja. Larve se pile u drugoj polovini maja, tokom leta se hrane na četinama smrče, a u septembru obrazuju larve drugog stupnja koje prezimljavaju. Brojnost populacija ove štetočine reguliše veći broj prirodnih neprijatelja. Odgajeno je pet vrsta parazitoidnih osica: Coccophagus lycimnia (Walker) (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), Metaphycus unicolor Hoffer, Microterys lunatus (Dalman), Pseudorhopus testaceus (Ratzeburg) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) i Pachyneuron muscarum (L.) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), kao i pet vrsta predatora: Anthribus nebulosus Forster (Coleoptera: Anthribidae), Exochomus quadripustulatus L., Scymnus abietis Paykull, Harmonia axyridis Pallas (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) i Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae). Najefikasniji parazitoid Ph. hemicryphus je P. testaceus, koji je redukovao brojnost populacija vaši do 28,97%, dok je najefikasniji predator A. nebulosus sa efikasnošću do 51,72%.
PB  - Institut za pesticide i zaštitu životne sredine, Beograd i Društvo za zaštitu bilja Srbije, Beograd
T2  - Pesticidi i fitomedicina
T1  - Bionomy of small spruce bud scale, Physokermes hemicryphus (Dalman) (Hemiptera: Coccidae) in Serbia
T1  - Bionomija male smrčine štitaste vaši, Physokermes hemicryphus (Dalman) (Hemiptera: Coccidae) u Srbiji
EP  - 96
IS  - 2
SP  - 89
VL  - 33
DO  - 10.2298/PIF1802089S
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Simonović, Marija and Dervišević, Marina and Graora, Draga",
year = "2018",
abstract = "Small spruce bud scale, Physokermes hemicryphus (Dalman) (Hemiptera: Coccidae), is a Holarctic, oligophagous species developing on plants of the genera Picea and Abies (Pinaceae). It is a serious pest of Picea abies in Serbia, which causes drying and falling of needles, branches and even drying of entire plants. A study of the bionomy of Ph. hemicryphus was carried out at five locations in Serbia in 2016 and 2017. Ph. hemicryphus was found to develop one generation annually and to overwinter as second-instar larvae on spruce branches. Adults emerge at the beginning of April and oviposition takes place at the beginning of May. Larvae hatch in the second half of May; during summer they feed on spruce needles and moult into second-instar larvae in September. Scale populations are controlled by a number of natural enemies. Five species of parasitoid wasps were reared: Coccophagus lycimnia (Walker) (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), Metaphycus unicolor Hoffer, Microterys lunatus (Dalman), Pseudorhopus testaceus (Ratzeburg) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) and Pachyneuron muscarum (L.) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), as well as five predatory species: Anthribus nebulosus Forster (Coleoptera: Anthribidae), Exochomus quadripustulatus L., Scymnus abietis Paykull, Harmonia axyridis Pallas (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae). The most efficient parasitoid of Ph. hemicryphus was P. testaceus, reducing scale populations up to 28.97%, while the most efficient predator was A. nebulosus with an efficacy of up to 51.72%., Physokermes hemicryphus (Dalman) (Hemiptera: Coccidae), mala smrčina štitasta vaš, je holarktička, oligofagna vrsta koja se razvija na biljkama iz rodova Picea i Abies (Pinaceae). Na napadnutim biljkama vaš obrazuje brojne kolonije prouzrokujući fiziološko slabljenje, sušenje i opadanje četina, grana, pa čak i cele biljke. Zbog obilnog lučenja medne rose, na koju se naseljavaju gljive čađavice, procesi fotosinteze i transpiracije su smanjeni, kao i estetska vrednost biljaka, zbog čega Ph. hemicryphus predstavlja značajnu štetočinu smrče. Proučavanje bionomije Ph. hemicryphus obavljeno je tokom 2016. i 2017. godine, na pet lokaliteta na teritoriji Srbije. Utvrđeno je da Ph. hemicryphus razvija jednu generaciju godišnje i da prezimljava kao larva drugog stupnja na granama smrče. Imago se javlja početkom aprila, a ovipozicija je početkom maja. Larve se pile u drugoj polovini maja, tokom leta se hrane na četinama smrče, a u septembru obrazuju larve drugog stupnja koje prezimljavaju. Brojnost populacija ove štetočine reguliše veći broj prirodnih neprijatelja. Odgajeno je pet vrsta parazitoidnih osica: Coccophagus lycimnia (Walker) (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), Metaphycus unicolor Hoffer, Microterys lunatus (Dalman), Pseudorhopus testaceus (Ratzeburg) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) i Pachyneuron muscarum (L.) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), kao i pet vrsta predatora: Anthribus nebulosus Forster (Coleoptera: Anthribidae), Exochomus quadripustulatus L., Scymnus abietis Paykull, Harmonia axyridis Pallas (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) i Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae). Najefikasniji parazitoid Ph. hemicryphus je P. testaceus, koji je redukovao brojnost populacija vaši do 28,97%, dok je najefikasniji predator A. nebulosus sa efikasnošću do 51,72%.",
publisher = "Institut za pesticide i zaštitu životne sredine, Beograd i Društvo za zaštitu bilja Srbije, Beograd",
journal = "Pesticidi i fitomedicina",
title = "Bionomy of small spruce bud scale, Physokermes hemicryphus (Dalman) (Hemiptera: Coccidae) in Serbia, Bionomija male smrčine štitaste vaši, Physokermes hemicryphus (Dalman) (Hemiptera: Coccidae) u Srbiji",
pages = "96-89",
number = "2",
volume = "33",
doi = "10.2298/PIF1802089S"
}

Simonović, M., Dervišević, M.,& Graora, D.. (2018). Bionomy of small spruce bud scale, Physokermes hemicryphus (Dalman) (Hemiptera: Coccidae) in Serbia. in Pesticidi i fitomedicina
Institut za pesticide i zaštitu životne sredine, Beograd i Društvo za zaštitu bilja Srbije, Beograd., 33(2), 89-96.
https://doi.org/10.2298/PIF1802089S

Simonović M, Dervišević M, Graora D. Bionomy of small spruce bud scale, Physokermes hemicryphus (Dalman) (Hemiptera: Coccidae) in Serbia. in Pesticidi i fitomedicina. 2018;33(2):89-96.
doi:10.2298/PIF1802089S .

Simonović, Marija, Dervišević, Marina, Graora, Draga, "Bionomy of small spruce bud scale, Physokermes hemicryphus (Dalman) (Hemiptera: Coccidae) in Serbia" in Pesticidi i fitomedicina, 33, no. 2 (2018):89-96,
https://doi.org/10.2298/PIF1802089S . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Graora, Draga
AU  - Spasić, Radoslava
AU  - Dervišević, Marina
PY  - 2016
UR  - http://aspace.agrif.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4291
AB  - Leucopomyia silesiaca (Egger, 1862) is a small, greyish-black fly from Chamaemyiidae (Diptera) family. The larvae of this species prey on the eggs in the ovisac of scale insects from the Coccidae, Pseudococcidae, Eriococcidae families. In Serbia, the presence of Leucopomyia silesiaca larvae have been registered in the ovisacs of two soft scale species, namely: Pulvinaria vitis on grapevine, and Pulvinaria floccifera on ivy. The larvae which feed by sucking the eggs have been found in May, pupae at the end of May, and imago at the beginning of June. The whole fly life cycle was completed in the ovisacs of these scale insects. The species was determined on the basis of the fly's morphological traits, especially male genitalia. In one ovisac of P. vitis, there were from one to four fly larvae, while in the ovisac of P. floccifera, only one larva was present. The fly larvae were present in 7­10% of the examined P. vitis ovisacs, and in 15% of the examined P. floccifera ovisacs.
AB  - U jajnim kesama štitastih vaši iz familije Coccidae, utvrđeno je prisustvo larvi Leucopomyia silesiaca (Egger, 1862), koje su se hranile jajima vašiju. L. silesiaca je predatorska muva iz familije Chamaemyiidae, reda Diptera. Tokom naših istraživanja, ova vrsta je u Srbiji utvrđena kao predator jaja dve vrste štitastih vaši, Pulvinaria vitis (L.) na vinovoj lozi i Pulvinaria floccifera (Westwood) na bršljanu. Na bazi sopstvenih zapažanja i literaturnih podataka, u radu se iznose podaci o osnovnim morfološko-biološkim karakteristikama L. silesiaca i njenom značaju u regulaciji brojnosti štitastih vaši.
PB  - Univerzitet u Novom Sadu - Poljoprivredni fakultet - Departman za zaštitu bilja i životne sredine "dr Pavla Vukasovića", Novi Sad
T2  - Biljni lekar
T1  - Contribution to the knowledge of Leucopomyia silesiaca (Egger, 1862), predator species of scale insects from Coccidae family, in Serbia
T1  - Prilog poznavanju vrste Leucopomyla silesiaca (Egger, 1862), predatora štitastih vaši iz familije Coccidae u Srbiji
EP  - 85
IS  - 1
SP  - 81
VL  - 44
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_4291
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Graora, Draga and Spasić, Radoslava and Dervišević, Marina",
year = "2016",
abstract = "Leucopomyia silesiaca (Egger, 1862) is a small, greyish-black fly from Chamaemyiidae (Diptera) family. The larvae of this species prey on the eggs in the ovisac of scale insects from the Coccidae, Pseudococcidae, Eriococcidae families. In Serbia, the presence of Leucopomyia silesiaca larvae have been registered in the ovisacs of two soft scale species, namely: Pulvinaria vitis on grapevine, and Pulvinaria floccifera on ivy. The larvae which feed by sucking the eggs have been found in May, pupae at the end of May, and imago at the beginning of June. The whole fly life cycle was completed in the ovisacs of these scale insects. The species was determined on the basis of the fly's morphological traits, especially male genitalia. In one ovisac of P. vitis, there were from one to four fly larvae, while in the ovisac of P. floccifera, only one larva was present. The fly larvae were present in 7­10% of the examined P. vitis ovisacs, and in 15% of the examined P. floccifera ovisacs., U jajnim kesama štitastih vaši iz familije Coccidae, utvrđeno je prisustvo larvi Leucopomyia silesiaca (Egger, 1862), koje su se hranile jajima vašiju. L. silesiaca je predatorska muva iz familije Chamaemyiidae, reda Diptera. Tokom naših istraživanja, ova vrsta je u Srbiji utvrđena kao predator jaja dve vrste štitastih vaši, Pulvinaria vitis (L.) na vinovoj lozi i Pulvinaria floccifera (Westwood) na bršljanu. Na bazi sopstvenih zapažanja i literaturnih podataka, u radu se iznose podaci o osnovnim morfološko-biološkim karakteristikama L. silesiaca i njenom značaju u regulaciji brojnosti štitastih vaši.",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Novom Sadu - Poljoprivredni fakultet - Departman za zaštitu bilja i životne sredine "dr Pavla Vukasovića", Novi Sad",
journal = "Biljni lekar",
title = "Contribution to the knowledge of Leucopomyia silesiaca (Egger, 1862), predator species of scale insects from Coccidae family, in Serbia, Prilog poznavanju vrste Leucopomyla silesiaca (Egger, 1862), predatora štitastih vaši iz familije Coccidae u Srbiji",
pages = "85-81",
number = "1",
volume = "44",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_4291"
}

Graora, D., Spasić, R.,& Dervišević, M.. (2016). Contribution to the knowledge of Leucopomyia silesiaca (Egger, 1862), predator species of scale insects from Coccidae family, in Serbia. in Biljni lekar
Univerzitet u Novom Sadu - Poljoprivredni fakultet - Departman za zaštitu bilja i životne sredine "dr Pavla Vukasovića", Novi Sad., 44(1), 81-85.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_4291

Graora D, Spasić R, Dervišević M. Contribution to the knowledge of Leucopomyia silesiaca (Egger, 1862), predator species of scale insects from Coccidae family, in Serbia. in Biljni lekar. 2016;44(1):81-85.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_4291 .

Graora, Draga, Spasić, Radoslava, Dervišević, Marina, "Contribution to the knowledge of Leucopomyia silesiaca (Egger, 1862), predator species of scale insects from Coccidae family, in Serbia" in Biljni lekar, 44, no. 1 (2016):81-85,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_agrospace_4291 .