TY  - JOUR
AU  - Djukić-Stojčić, Mirjana
AU  - Perić, Lidija
AU  - Relić, Renata
AU  - Božičković, Ivana
AU  - Rodić, Vesna
AU  - Rezar, Vida
PY  - 2017
UR  - http://aspace.agrif.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4537
AB  - The European Union in 2012 banned conventional battery cages for the welfare reasons. However, transition to new housing systems uncovered some new problems, such as keel bone damage (KBD), which also could endanger welfare of laying hens. Although KBD is a research topic which attracts a growing attention in the EU, in Serbia it is still rather unknown phenomenon, even among the scientific and professional community. This research is the first attempt to determine the prevalence of KBD in laying hens in housing systems currently existing in Serbia. The results of conducted monitoring show presence of KBD on all observed farms, except the organic one. The occurrence of KBD was at an acceptable level (from the standpoint of hen welfare) in the free-range system, enriched cages without equipment and conventional battery cages (4%, 3% and 1%, respectively), while in the fully equipped enriched cages it was high (39%). One could assume that this high prevalence of KBD in this system is a consequence of a long roosting on a metal perches.
AB  - Evropska unija je, zbog obezbeđenja dobrobiti živine, 2012. godine zabranila držanje nosilja u baterijskim kavezima. Međutim, prelazak na nove sisteme držanja doveo je i do nekih novih problema, kakav je oštećenje grudne kosti (OGK), koje takođe može da ugrozi dobrobit živine. Iako je oštećenje grudne kosti istraživačka tema koja u EU privlači sve veću pažnju, u Srbiji je ovo još uvek relativno nepoznat pojam, čak i u naučnim i stručnim krugovima. Ovo istraživanje predstavlja prvi pokušaj da se u Srbiji utvrdi prisustvo oštećenje grudne kosti kod kokošaka nosilja gajenih u različitim sistemima. Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju da je oštećenje grudne kosti prisutno u svim ispitivanim sistemima držanja, osim u organskom. Relativno nizak procenat oštećenja grudne kosti detektovan je kod kokošaka na ispustu, kokošaka u obogaćenim kavezima bez opreme i u konvencionalnim kavezima (4,3 i 1% respektivno). Najveći procenat oštećenja grudne kosti detektovan je kod kokošaka u obogaćenim kavezima sa kompletnom opremom (39%). Može se pretpostaviti da je ovako visok procenat oštećenja grudne kosti u ovom sistemu držanja posledica dugog sedenja kokošaka na metalnim sedalima.
PB  - Institut za stočarstvo, Beograd
T2  - Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry
T1  - Keel bone damage in laying hens reared in different production systems in Serbia
T1  - Oštećenje grudne kosti kod kokoši nosilja gajenih u različitim sistemima držanja u Srbiji
EP  - 492
IS  - 4
SP  - 487
VL  - 33
DO  - 10.2298/BAH1704487D
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Djukić-Stojčić, Mirjana and Perić, Lidija and Relić, Renata and Božičković, Ivana and Rodić, Vesna and Rezar, Vida",
year = "2017",
abstract = "The European Union in 2012 banned conventional battery cages for the welfare reasons. However, transition to new housing systems uncovered some new problems, such as keel bone damage (KBD), which also could endanger welfare of laying hens. Although KBD is a research topic which attracts a growing attention in the EU, in Serbia it is still rather unknown phenomenon, even among the scientific and professional community. This research is the first attempt to determine the prevalence of KBD in laying hens in housing systems currently existing in Serbia. The results of conducted monitoring show presence of KBD on all observed farms, except the organic one. The occurrence of KBD was at an acceptable level (from the standpoint of hen welfare) in the free-range system, enriched cages without equipment and conventional battery cages (4%, 3% and 1%, respectively), while in the fully equipped enriched cages it was high (39%). One could assume that this high prevalence of KBD in this system is a consequence of a long roosting on a metal perches., Evropska unija je, zbog obezbeđenja dobrobiti živine, 2012. godine zabranila držanje nosilja u baterijskim kavezima. Međutim, prelazak na nove sisteme držanja doveo je i do nekih novih problema, kakav je oštećenje grudne kosti (OGK), koje takođe može da ugrozi dobrobit živine. Iako je oštećenje grudne kosti istraživačka tema koja u EU privlači sve veću pažnju, u Srbiji je ovo još uvek relativno nepoznat pojam, čak i u naučnim i stručnim krugovima. Ovo istraživanje predstavlja prvi pokušaj da se u Srbiji utvrdi prisustvo oštećenje grudne kosti kod kokošaka nosilja gajenih u različitim sistemima. Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju da je oštećenje grudne kosti prisutno u svim ispitivanim sistemima držanja, osim u organskom. Relativno nizak procenat oštećenja grudne kosti detektovan je kod kokošaka na ispustu, kokošaka u obogaćenim kavezima bez opreme i u konvencionalnim kavezima (4,3 i 1% respektivno). Najveći procenat oštećenja grudne kosti detektovan je kod kokošaka u obogaćenim kavezima sa kompletnom opremom (39%). Može se pretpostaviti da je ovako visok procenat oštećenja grudne kosti u ovom sistemu držanja posledica dugog sedenja kokošaka na metalnim sedalima.",
publisher = "Institut za stočarstvo, Beograd",
journal = "Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry",
title = "Keel bone damage in laying hens reared in different production systems in Serbia, Oštećenje grudne kosti kod kokoši nosilja gajenih u različitim sistemima držanja u Srbiji",
pages = "492-487",
number = "4",
volume = "33",
doi = "10.2298/BAH1704487D"
}

Djukić-Stojčić, M., Perić, L., Relić, R., Božičković, I., Rodić, V.,& Rezar, V.. (2017). Keel bone damage in laying hens reared in different production systems in Serbia. in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry
Institut za stočarstvo, Beograd., 33(4), 487-492.
https://doi.org/10.2298/BAH1704487D

Djukić-Stojčić M, Perić L, Relić R, Božičković I, Rodić V, Rezar V. Keel bone damage in laying hens reared in different production systems in Serbia. in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry. 2017;33(4):487-492.
doi:10.2298/BAH1704487D .

Djukić-Stojčić, Mirjana, Perić, Lidija, Relić, Renata, Božičković, Ivana, Rodić, Vesna, Rezar, Vida, "Keel bone damage in laying hens reared in different production systems in Serbia" in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry, 33, no. 4 (2017):487-492,
https://doi.org/10.2298/BAH1704487D . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tolimir, N.
AU  - Perić, L.
AU  - Milošević, N.
AU  - Djukić-Stojčić, Mirjana
AU  - Bogdanović, Vladan
AU  - Jovanović, R.
PY  - 2013
UR  - http://aspace.agrif.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3231
AB  - The objective of this paper is to investigate the effect of multiphase feeding, i.e. the effect of different mash feeds with multi-phase protein reduction, on growth, main carcass parts and nitrogen content in faeces of broiler chickens. The experiment was conducted on 1216 chickens of Ross 308 provenience, separated by sex. The experiment lasted for 42 days and the standard technology was used. The groups differed in a type of a mash (treatment) given in the starter period, as follows: T1 (control group) was given a mash with 23% crude proteins from day 1 to day 21; T2 - a mash with 23% proteins from day 1 to day 7, followed by a mash with 21.5% proteins given from day 7 to day 21; T3 - a mash with 23% proteins from day 1 to day 14, followed by a mash with 21.5% proteins given from day 14 to day 21; T4 - mashes changed every three days, having 23%, 22.55%, 22.10%, 21.65% , 21.20%, 20.75% and 20.30% of crude proteins, respectively. Slaughtering performance was investigated on a total of 64 broiler chickens, with eight male and eight female chickens used separately for each of the treatments. Nitrogen content in faeces was determined using the pooled sample of faeces. The obtained results showed some differences in the average daily growth of the male and female chickens when comparing the control (T1) and the experimental groups. Those differences were not statistically significant. However, when comparing the male-only groups, it was determined that the experimental group T4 had statistically significantly higher growth than T2 and T3 group. The effect of the multi-phase feeding programme on the breast, thigh and drumstick share of both male and female broilers was not significant. The applied multi-phase feeding programmes resulted in a reduction in the nitrogen content in the faeces. Considering the obtained results, it can be concluded that the multi-phase feeding programmes had no negative effect on the growth and slaughtering performances of broilers. This goes in favour of these programmes, since they can result in some positive economic and environmental effects of production.
AB  - Cilj rada je ispitivanje uticaja multifazne ishrane, odnosno različitih smeša za ishranu brojlera u kojima je sadržaj proteina višefazno smanjen, na prirast, osnovne delova trupa i sadržaj azota u fecesu. Ispitivanje je izvedeno na 1216 pilića provenijence Ross 308, razdvojenih po polu. U oglednom periodu od 42 dana primenjena je standardna tehnologija. Razlika između grupa (tretmana) bila je u tipu smeša za ishranu u starter periodu, a prema sledećem programu: T1 (kontrolna grupa) - ishrana smešom sa 23% sirovih proteina u trajanju od 1. do 21. dana; T2 - ishrana od 1. do 7. dana smešom sa 23% i od 7. do 21. dana sa 21,5% proteina; T3 - ishrana od 1. do14. dana smešom sa 23% sirovih proteina i od 14. do 21. dana sa 21,5% proteina; T4 - ishrana smešama sa dinamikom promene na svaka 3. dana, odnosno sa 23% , 22,55% , 22,10%, 21,65% , 21,20%, 20,75% i 20,30% sirovih proteina. Ispitivanje klaničnih osobina, obavljeno je na ukupno 64 brojlera, odnosno na po 8 pilića oba pola, za svaki tretman. Sadržaj azota u fecesu određen je na zbirnom uzorku fecesa. Prema dobijenim rezultatima, kod pilića muškog i ženskog pola, utvrđene razlike u prosečnom dnevnom prirastu, između kontrolne (T1) i oglednih grupa nisu bile na nivou statističke značajnosti. Međutim, poređenjem oglednih grupa međusobno, kod pilića muškog pola utvrđeno je da je ogledna T4 grupa ostvarila statistički značajno veći prirast u poređenju sa T2 i T3 grupom. Uticaj programa multifazne ishrane na prinos i udeo grudi, bataka i karabataka, kod pilića oba pola, nije bio signifikantan. Primenjeni programi multifazne ishrane rezultirali su izvesnim smanjenjem sadržaja azota u fecesu. Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata može se zaključiti da programi multifazne ishrana brojlera nisu imali negativan uticaj na prirast i klanične performanse, što ide u prilog njene primene, s obzirom da se ovim programima mogu ostvariti pozitivni ekonomski i ekološki efekti proizvodnje.
PB  - Institut za stočarstvo, Beograd
T2  - Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry
T1  - Effect of multi-phase feeding on growth, main carcass parts, and nitrogen content in faeces of broiler chickens
T1  - Uticaj multifazne ishrane brojlera na prirast, osnovne delove trupa i sadržaj azota u fecesu
EP  - 492
IS  - 3
SP  - 483
VL  - 29
DO  - 10.2298/BAH1303483T
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Tolimir, N. and Perić, L. and Milošević, N. and Djukić-Stojčić, Mirjana and Bogdanović, Vladan and Jovanović, R.",
year = "2013",
abstract = "The objective of this paper is to investigate the effect of multiphase feeding, i.e. the effect of different mash feeds with multi-phase protein reduction, on growth, main carcass parts and nitrogen content in faeces of broiler chickens. The experiment was conducted on 1216 chickens of Ross 308 provenience, separated by sex. The experiment lasted for 42 days and the standard technology was used. The groups differed in a type of a mash (treatment) given in the starter period, as follows: T1 (control group) was given a mash with 23% crude proteins from day 1 to day 21; T2 - a mash with 23% proteins from day 1 to day 7, followed by a mash with 21.5% proteins given from day 7 to day 21; T3 - a mash with 23% proteins from day 1 to day 14, followed by a mash with 21.5% proteins given from day 14 to day 21; T4 - mashes changed every three days, having 23%, 22.55%, 22.10%, 21.65% , 21.20%, 20.75% and 20.30% of crude proteins, respectively. Slaughtering performance was investigated on a total of 64 broiler chickens, with eight male and eight female chickens used separately for each of the treatments. Nitrogen content in faeces was determined using the pooled sample of faeces. The obtained results showed some differences in the average daily growth of the male and female chickens when comparing the control (T1) and the experimental groups. Those differences were not statistically significant. However, when comparing the male-only groups, it was determined that the experimental group T4 had statistically significantly higher growth than T2 and T3 group. The effect of the multi-phase feeding programme on the breast, thigh and drumstick share of both male and female broilers was not significant. The applied multi-phase feeding programmes resulted in a reduction in the nitrogen content in the faeces. Considering the obtained results, it can be concluded that the multi-phase feeding programmes had no negative effect on the growth and slaughtering performances of broilers. This goes in favour of these programmes, since they can result in some positive economic and environmental effects of production., Cilj rada je ispitivanje uticaja multifazne ishrane, odnosno različitih smeša za ishranu brojlera u kojima je sadržaj proteina višefazno smanjen, na prirast, osnovne delova trupa i sadržaj azota u fecesu. Ispitivanje je izvedeno na 1216 pilića provenijence Ross 308, razdvojenih po polu. U oglednom periodu od 42 dana primenjena je standardna tehnologija. Razlika između grupa (tretmana) bila je u tipu smeša za ishranu u starter periodu, a prema sledećem programu: T1 (kontrolna grupa) - ishrana smešom sa 23% sirovih proteina u trajanju od 1. do 21. dana; T2 - ishrana od 1. do 7. dana smešom sa 23% i od 7. do 21. dana sa 21,5% proteina; T3 - ishrana od 1. do14. dana smešom sa 23% sirovih proteina i od 14. do 21. dana sa 21,5% proteina; T4 - ishrana smešama sa dinamikom promene na svaka 3. dana, odnosno sa 23% , 22,55% , 22,10%, 21,65% , 21,20%, 20,75% i 20,30% sirovih proteina. Ispitivanje klaničnih osobina, obavljeno je na ukupno 64 brojlera, odnosno na po 8 pilića oba pola, za svaki tretman. Sadržaj azota u fecesu određen je na zbirnom uzorku fecesa. Prema dobijenim rezultatima, kod pilića muškog i ženskog pola, utvrđene razlike u prosečnom dnevnom prirastu, između kontrolne (T1) i oglednih grupa nisu bile na nivou statističke značajnosti. Međutim, poređenjem oglednih grupa međusobno, kod pilića muškog pola utvrđeno je da je ogledna T4 grupa ostvarila statistički značajno veći prirast u poređenju sa T2 i T3 grupom. Uticaj programa multifazne ishrane na prinos i udeo grudi, bataka i karabataka, kod pilića oba pola, nije bio signifikantan. Primenjeni programi multifazne ishrane rezultirali su izvesnim smanjenjem sadržaja azota u fecesu. Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata može se zaključiti da programi multifazne ishrana brojlera nisu imali negativan uticaj na prirast i klanične performanse, što ide u prilog njene primene, s obzirom da se ovim programima mogu ostvariti pozitivni ekonomski i ekološki efekti proizvodnje.",
publisher = "Institut za stočarstvo, Beograd",
journal = "Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry",
title = "Effect of multi-phase feeding on growth, main carcass parts, and nitrogen content in faeces of broiler chickens, Uticaj multifazne ishrane brojlera na prirast, osnovne delove trupa i sadržaj azota u fecesu",
pages = "492-483",
number = "3",
volume = "29",
doi = "10.2298/BAH1303483T"
}

Tolimir, N., Perić, L., Milošević, N., Djukić-Stojčić, M., Bogdanović, V.,& Jovanović, R.. (2013). Effect of multi-phase feeding on growth, main carcass parts, and nitrogen content in faeces of broiler chickens. in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry
Institut za stočarstvo, Beograd., 29(3), 483-492.
https://doi.org/10.2298/BAH1303483T

Tolimir N, Perić L, Milošević N, Djukić-Stojčić M, Bogdanović V, Jovanović R. Effect of multi-phase feeding on growth, main carcass parts, and nitrogen content in faeces of broiler chickens. in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry. 2013;29(3):483-492.
doi:10.2298/BAH1303483T .

Tolimir, N., Perić, L., Milošević, N., Djukić-Stojčić, Mirjana, Bogdanović, Vladan, Jovanović, R., "Effect of multi-phase feeding on growth, main carcass parts, and nitrogen content in faeces of broiler chickens" in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry, 29, no. 3 (2013):483-492,
https://doi.org/10.2298/BAH1303483T . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Tolimir, N.
AU  - Perić, L.
AU  - Milošević, N.
AU  - Djukić-Stojčić, Mirjana
AU  - Jovanović, R.
AU  - Bogdanović, Vladan
PY  - 2012
UR  - http://aspace.agrif.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2854
AB  - Objective of the research was to investigate the effect of phase nutrition, i.e. different mixtures used in broiler nutrition with phase reduction of protein cotnent during starter period on production peformances of fattening chickens of different genotypes and on nitrogen content in faeces. Differences between groups (treatments) were in the type of mixtures use din starter period, and according to the following program: T1 (control group) - nutrition consisted of mixtures with 23% of proteins in duration from day 1 to 21; T2 - from day 1 to 14, mixture containing 23% of protein was used, and from day 14 to 21, mixture with 20% of proteins; T3 - from day 1 to 7, mixture was used containing 23% of protein and from day 7 to 21, mixture with 20% of proteins; T4 - nutrition with mixture containing 20% of proteins in duration from day 1 to 21. During the trial period (from day 1 to 21) production parameters were followed. Nitrogen content was determined in a collective faeces sample. Results showed that chickens of different genotypes expressed different sensitivity to protein restriction. Comparing the trial groups with the control in the third week, in chickens of Ross 308 provenience significantly lower body weight was registered only in chickens of T4 group with the highest protein reduction. In Cobb 500 chickens, significantly lower body weight was determined in T3 and T4 trial groups. In case of both hybrids, in T2 group, slightly lower body weight was established, but without statistically significant difference compared to the control. Feed conversion in both genotypes was the highest in T3 and T4 treatments. The program of phase nutrition resulted in decrease of the nitrogen content in faeces. Based on obtained data it can be concluded that applied nutrition treatments with drastic protein reduction during starter period in both genotypes had negative effect on production performances. Therefore, the composition and dynamics of mixture changes must be taken into consideration when formulating the program of phase nutrition, in order to achieve both goals - decrease of protein content in feed with simultaneous diminished nitrogen excretion and achieving good results.
AB  - Cilj istraživanja je da se ispita uticaj fazne ishrane, odnosno različitih smeša za ishranu brojlera u kojima je sadržaj proteina smanjen fazno u starter periodu na proizvodne osobine tovnih pilića različitog genotipa i sadržaj azota u fecesu. Razlika između grupa (tretmana) bila je u tipu smeša u starter periodu, a prema sledećem programu: T1 (kontrolna grupa) - ishrana smešom sa 23% proteina u trajanju od 1. do 21. dana; T2 - ishrana od 1. do 14. dana smešom sa 23% proteina i od 14. do 21. dana sa 20% proteina; T3 - ishrana od 1. do 7. dana smešom sa 23% proteina i od 7. do 21. dana sa 20% proteina; T4 - ishrana smešom sa 20% proteina u trajanju od 1. do 21. dana. U oglednom periodu (od 1. do 21. dana) praćeni su proizvodni parametri. Sadržaj azota u fecesu određen je na zbirnom uzorku. Rezultati su pokazali da su pilići različitih genotipova ispoljili različitu osetljivost na restrikciju proteina. Poređenjem oglednih grupa sa kontrolnom u trećoj nedelji, kod pilića provenijence Ross 308 konstatovano je da je signifikantno manju telesnu masu ostvarila samo T4 grupa sa najstrožijom redukcijom proteina. Kod provenijence Cobb 500 signifikantno manja telesna masa utvrđena je za T3 i T4 oglednu grupu. Kod oba hibrida za T2 oglednu grupu utvrđena je nešto manja telesna masa, ali bez statistički značajne razlike u poređenju sa kontrolnom. Konverziju hrane kod oba genotipa imala je najveće vrednosti za T4 i T3 tretman. Programi fazne ishrane rezultirali su smanjenjem sadržaja azota u fecesu. Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata može se zaključiti da su primenjeni tretmani ishrane sa drastičnom restrikcijom proteina u starter periodu kod oba genotipa imali negativan uticaj na proizvodne performanse. Zbog toga se prilikom formulisanja programa fazne ishrane strogo mora voditi računa o sastavu i dinamici promene smeša, a kako bi se postigla oba cilja - smanjenje sadržaja proteina u hrani uz smanjenu ekskreciju azota i postizanje dobrih proizvodnih rezultata.
PB  - Institut za stočarstvo, Beograd
T2  - Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry
T1  - The effect of phase nutrition during starter period on production performances and nitrogen content in feces of broilers of different genotypes
T1  - Uticaj fazne ishrane u starter periodu na proizvodne performanse i sadržaj azota u fecesu brojlera različitih genotipova
EP  - 424
IS  - 3
SP  - 415
VL  - 28
DO  - 10.2298/BAH1203415T
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Tolimir, N. and Perić, L. and Milošević, N. and Djukić-Stojčić, Mirjana and Jovanović, R. and Bogdanović, Vladan",
year = "2012",
abstract = "Objective of the research was to investigate the effect of phase nutrition, i.e. different mixtures used in broiler nutrition with phase reduction of protein cotnent during starter period on production peformances of fattening chickens of different genotypes and on nitrogen content in faeces. Differences between groups (treatments) were in the type of mixtures use din starter period, and according to the following program: T1 (control group) - nutrition consisted of mixtures with 23% of proteins in duration from day 1 to 21; T2 - from day 1 to 14, mixture containing 23% of protein was used, and from day 14 to 21, mixture with 20% of proteins; T3 - from day 1 to 7, mixture was used containing 23% of protein and from day 7 to 21, mixture with 20% of proteins; T4 - nutrition with mixture containing 20% of proteins in duration from day 1 to 21. During the trial period (from day 1 to 21) production parameters were followed. Nitrogen content was determined in a collective faeces sample. Results showed that chickens of different genotypes expressed different sensitivity to protein restriction. Comparing the trial groups with the control in the third week, in chickens of Ross 308 provenience significantly lower body weight was registered only in chickens of T4 group with the highest protein reduction. In Cobb 500 chickens, significantly lower body weight was determined in T3 and T4 trial groups. In case of both hybrids, in T2 group, slightly lower body weight was established, but without statistically significant difference compared to the control. Feed conversion in both genotypes was the highest in T3 and T4 treatments. The program of phase nutrition resulted in decrease of the nitrogen content in faeces. Based on obtained data it can be concluded that applied nutrition treatments with drastic protein reduction during starter period in both genotypes had negative effect on production performances. Therefore, the composition and dynamics of mixture changes must be taken into consideration when formulating the program of phase nutrition, in order to achieve both goals - decrease of protein content in feed with simultaneous diminished nitrogen excretion and achieving good results., Cilj istraživanja je da se ispita uticaj fazne ishrane, odnosno različitih smeša za ishranu brojlera u kojima je sadržaj proteina smanjen fazno u starter periodu na proizvodne osobine tovnih pilića različitog genotipa i sadržaj azota u fecesu. Razlika između grupa (tretmana) bila je u tipu smeša u starter periodu, a prema sledećem programu: T1 (kontrolna grupa) - ishrana smešom sa 23% proteina u trajanju od 1. do 21. dana; T2 - ishrana od 1. do 14. dana smešom sa 23% proteina i od 14. do 21. dana sa 20% proteina; T3 - ishrana od 1. do 7. dana smešom sa 23% proteina i od 7. do 21. dana sa 20% proteina; T4 - ishrana smešom sa 20% proteina u trajanju od 1. do 21. dana. U oglednom periodu (od 1. do 21. dana) praćeni su proizvodni parametri. Sadržaj azota u fecesu određen je na zbirnom uzorku. Rezultati su pokazali da su pilići različitih genotipova ispoljili različitu osetljivost na restrikciju proteina. Poređenjem oglednih grupa sa kontrolnom u trećoj nedelji, kod pilića provenijence Ross 308 konstatovano je da je signifikantno manju telesnu masu ostvarila samo T4 grupa sa najstrožijom redukcijom proteina. Kod provenijence Cobb 500 signifikantno manja telesna masa utvrđena je za T3 i T4 oglednu grupu. Kod oba hibrida za T2 oglednu grupu utvrđena je nešto manja telesna masa, ali bez statistički značajne razlike u poređenju sa kontrolnom. Konverziju hrane kod oba genotipa imala je najveće vrednosti za T4 i T3 tretman. Programi fazne ishrane rezultirali su smanjenjem sadržaja azota u fecesu. Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata može se zaključiti da su primenjeni tretmani ishrane sa drastičnom restrikcijom proteina u starter periodu kod oba genotipa imali negativan uticaj na proizvodne performanse. Zbog toga se prilikom formulisanja programa fazne ishrane strogo mora voditi računa o sastavu i dinamici promene smeša, a kako bi se postigla oba cilja - smanjenje sadržaja proteina u hrani uz smanjenu ekskreciju azota i postizanje dobrih proizvodnih rezultata.",
publisher = "Institut za stočarstvo, Beograd",
journal = "Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry",
title = "The effect of phase nutrition during starter period on production performances and nitrogen content in feces of broilers of different genotypes, Uticaj fazne ishrane u starter periodu na proizvodne performanse i sadržaj azota u fecesu brojlera različitih genotipova",
pages = "424-415",
number = "3",
volume = "28",
doi = "10.2298/BAH1203415T"
}

Tolimir, N., Perić, L., Milošević, N., Djukić-Stojčić, M., Jovanović, R.,& Bogdanović, V.. (2012). The effect of phase nutrition during starter period on production performances and nitrogen content in feces of broilers of different genotypes. in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry
Institut za stočarstvo, Beograd., 28(3), 415-424.
https://doi.org/10.2298/BAH1203415T

Tolimir N, Perić L, Milošević N, Djukić-Stojčić M, Jovanović R, Bogdanović V. The effect of phase nutrition during starter period on production performances and nitrogen content in feces of broilers of different genotypes. in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry. 2012;28(3):415-424.
doi:10.2298/BAH1203415T .

Tolimir, N., Perić, L., Milošević, N., Djukić-Stojčić, Mirjana, Jovanović, R., Bogdanović, Vladan, "The effect of phase nutrition during starter period on production performances and nitrogen content in feces of broilers of different genotypes" in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry, 28, no. 3 (2012):415-424,
https://doi.org/10.2298/BAH1203415T . .