Control of the proteolytic processes in ensiled feeds

Abstract

The review of the problem of the proteolysis in ensiled feeds is given in the paper, and the means of its effective control. Very intensive proteolysis in ensiled material is an outcome of non-coordinated effects of proteolytic enzymes originating from plant cells and present microorganisms. The result of these unwelcome processes is the increase of the soluble and degradable protein content, decrease in protein utilization and lower animal production. This problem is specially evident and significant in leguminous silages. Modern methods for proteolysis control are based on the stimulation and induction of homofermentative lactic acid fermentation in order to rapidly obtain the required pH value, also on direct acidification with organic acids and wilting of the ensiling material until the level of moisture which is unsuitable for proteolytic enzyme’s activity.

U radu je u vidu pregleda prikazan problem proteolize u silažama leguminoza i načini njene efikasne kontrole. Veoma intenzivna proteoliza u siliranom materijalu je posledica nekoordisanog delovanja proteolitičih enzima poreklom iz biljnih ćelija i prisutnih mikroorganizama. Rezultat ovih nepoželjnih procesa jeste porast količine rastvorljivih i razgradivih proteina, slabije korišćenje proteina i smanjenje proizvodnje. Ovaj problem je posebno izražen i značajan za silaže leguminoza. Savremeni postupci za kontrolu proteolize baziraju se pre svega na stimulaciji i indukciji homofermentativne mlečne fermentacije u cilju brzog postizanja optimalnih pH vrednosti, direktnoj acidifikaciji organskim kiselinama i provenjavanju siliranog materijala do nivoa vlage nepogodnog za delatnost proteolitičkih enzima.