Comparative analysis of the wind energy potential and the possibilities of the use of wind energy in Serbia and Montenegro

Abstract

Today, wind energy paticipates by not more than 0.5 % in the gross world production of electric energy. However, according to the presently existing world trends and due to the fact that the world’s wind energy potential is immense, it can be predicted that in the following decades this low percentage might become thirty times larger. Unfortunately, not one modern wind generator has yet been installed in our country, although conditions are favourable in this respect. Experiences the world has had so far impose the necessity of analyzing technical possibilities for the construction of wind generators and the necessity to incorporate wind energy into the strategic model of the development of energetics in Serbia and Montenegro (SM). In this paper we analyze the availability of wind energy on the global scale, in Europe and in SM. We show in this paper that in SM wind is the energy resource about 10000 MW (20 TWh/year) whose activation would greatly enlarge already installed capacities, increase the diversity of types of energy sources and reduce the dependence on the importation of raw energy sources. In this paper special emphasis is put on the fact that the price of electric energy which is produced by wind generators is already competitive to the prices of energy produced by classical sources.

Iako danas u ukupnoj proizvodnji električne energije u svetu energija vetra učestvuje sa oko 0,5 %, sudeći po svetskim trendovima ovaj procenat bi u narednih nekoliko decenija mogao i da se utridesetostruči, budući da je vetroenergetski potencijal u svetu ogroman. U Srbiji i Crnoj Gori, nažalost, još nije instalisan ni jedan moderan vetrogenerator velike snage, iako za to postoje uslovi. Dosadašnja svetska iskustva nameću potrebu da se i u našoj zemlji analiziraju tehničke mogućnosti za izgradnju vetrogeneratora i da se vetroenergetika uključi u strateški model razvoja energetike Srbije i Crne Gore (SCG). U ovom radu je analizirana raspoloživa energija vetra u svetu i u SCG. Pokazano je da je vetar energetski resurs naše zamlje čiji potencijal po procenama autora ovog rada iznosi oko 10000 MW (20 TWh/god), čijim aktiviranjem bi se značajno povećali instalisani kapaciteti i raznovrsnost energetskih resursa i smanjila zavisnost od uvoza energetskih sirovina. Naglašeno je takođe da je cena električne energije koju proizvode vetrogeneratori već konkurentna sa cenom mnogih klasičnih izvora i da su mogućnosti za korišćenje energije vetra mnogobrojne.