Peach cvs Redhaven and Suncrest yield effect

Abstract

Different pruning modes involving either cutting back or thinning out of mixed bearing branches, coupled with different thinning intensity in peach cvs. Redhaven and Suncrest were studied. The modes were as follows: Severe pruning with one properly developed mixed bearing branch left on a two-year old bearing wood with the following combinations: 4 fruits per bearing branch; 8 fruits per bearing branch and 6-8 fruits per bearing branch with cutting back of a mixed bearing branch up to a half; Light pruning with two bearing brances left on the arm with the same number of fruits as in the abovementioned mode. The highest yield with the peach cultivars studied was obtained with light pruning with 8 fruits left per bearing branch. The lowest yield was recorded with cv. Suncrest with severe pruning with supplemental cutting back of a mixed bearing branch and with cv. Redhaven with severe pruning and 4 fruits left per mixed bearing branch. Regardless of the fruit number on a bearing branch, heavier yields were obtained with light pruning as compared to severe treatment. The lowest fruit mass was recorded with most overcropped trees. In terms of both severe and light pruning, the highest fruit mass was registered with 4 fruits left per bearing branch. Bearing branch cutting back adversely affected cropping potential and fruit size. The mentioned treatment favorably influenced only the increase in the average length of new bearing branches. Cv. Suncrest had lower content of soluble solids and higher content of total acids as compared to cv. Redhaven. Furthermore, it may be inferred that the more fruits on bearing branches the lower content of both soluble solids and total acids.

Zbog diferenciranja velikog broja cvetnih pupoljaka i izražene samooplodnje breskva je sklona prerođavanju. Da bi se prerođavanje izbeglo primenjuju se mere regulisanja rodnosti: rezidba i proređivanje plodova. U ogledu su primenjeni različiti tretmani rezidbe sa skraćivanjem i proređivanjem mešovitih rodnih grančica kao i različit intenzitet proređivanja plodova Praćeni su pokazatelji vegetativnog i generativnog potencijala breskve masa ploda, randman mesa ploda, sadržaj rastvorljive suve materije i ukupnih kiselina, prinos i dužina novih rodnih grančica na dvogodišnjem rodnom drvetu. Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju da svako jače opterećenje stabla rodom uslovljava smanjenje mase plodova i povećanje prinosa. Jače opterećena stabla smanjuju svoju vegetativnu aktivnost. Skraćivanje mešovitih rodnih grančica nepovoljno deluje, kako na visinu prinosa, tako i na krupnoću plodova.