The impact of mineral fertilization and atmospheric precipitation on yield of field crops on family farms

Abstract

The field crop production, as the most important branch of plant production of the Republic of Serbia, in the period 2002-2011, was carried out on an average of over 2.7 million hectares, 82.7% of which took place on the individual farms/family holdings. Hence, the subject of research in this paper covers yields of major field crops realized on family farms in the region of Vojvodina in the period 1972-2011. The main objective of the research is to study the interdependence of utilization of mineral fertilizers and atmospheric precipitation during the vegetation period and realized yields of major field crops on family farms in the observed period. The regression analysis was applied in order to verify dependencies and determine the form of dependence of achieved yields from examined variables. The results showed that the main limiting factors for obtaining high and stable yields of field crops is inadequate use of fertilizers and the lack of precipitation during the vegetation period.

Ratarska proizvodnja, kao najvažnija grana biljne proizvodnje Republike Srbije, u periodu 2002-2011. godina, odvijala se prosečno na preko 2,7 miliona hektara, od čega se 82,7% ove proizvodnje odvija na posedima porodičnih gazdinstava. Otuda su i predmet istraživanja u ovom radu ostvareni prinosi osnovnih ratarskih useva na porodičnim gazdinstvima regiona Vojvodine u periodu 1972-2011. godina. Osnovni cilj istraživanja je ispitivanje međuzavisnosti potrošnje mineralnih đubriva i atmosferskih padavina u vegetacionom periodu i ostvarenih prinosa osnovnih ratarskih useva na porodičnim gazdinstvima u posmatranom periodu. Radi potvrđivanja zavisnosti i utvrđivanja oblika zavisnosti ostvarenih prinosa od ispitivanih varijabli primenjena je regresiona analiza. Dobijeni rezultati pokazali su da su osnovni ograničavajući faktori za dobijanje visokih i stabilnih prinosa ratarskih useva neadekvatna upotreba mineralnih đubriva i nedostatak atmosferskih padavina u vegetacionom periodu. PR Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br.ON179028: Serbian Rural Labour Market and Rural Economics - Revenue Diversification and Poverty Mitigation.