Changing trends and factors in the consumption structure of fruit and fruit processed commodities in the Republic of Serbia

Abstract

This study analyzes the effect of available income on the consumption of fruit and fruit processed goods according to socioeconomic groups of households. Based on the results obtained (correlation coefficients) with regard to fruit consumption the conclusion which tends to emerge is a significant effect of economic development influencing the consumption of fruit and fruit processed goods in the Republic of Serbia. The consumption of 42.8 kg is considered substantially low. Enhanced economic developed and improved assortment and supply may be expected to contribute to an increase in the consumption of these products. Namely, only three fruit types (apples, plums and grapes) were found to account for over 50% of the total fruit and fruit processed goods consumption. In addition to income, fruit and fruit processed goods consumption trends were found to be affected by a number of mutually related factors. Income and prices (parities) were found to play the key role in fruit and fruit processed goods consumption in the case of all population categories.

Pod uticajem globalnog privrednog razvoja i rasta nacionalnog dohotka izdvaja se sve veći deo dohotka koji je namenjen ukupnoj ličnoj potrošnji, pa tako i rastu potrošnje voća i prerađevina. Pored dohotka, na nivo potrošnje voća značajan uticaj imaju i drugi faktori, posebno ekonomski (cene, politika raspodele, organizovanost tržišta, proizvodnja, stepen razvijenosti prerade voća i dr). Kao značajan faktor, proizvodnja utiče putem cena na taj način što se ispoljavaju promene u nivou ponude i tražnje. Što je regionalni razmeštaj proizvodnje optimalniji i ujednačeniji u toku godine, to je stabilniji nivo potrošnje voća po područjima. Na osnovu istraživanja i saznanja iz literature uočava se da stepen prerade utiče na razlike u potrošnji. Stoga se s povećanjem stepena prerade voća može uticati na rast potrošnje ovog značajnog proizvoda u ishrani stanovništva. U sadašnjim uslovima i raznovrsnost ponude u značajnoj meri uslovljava razlike u nivou potrošnje voća i prerađevina. Na razlike u nivou potrošnje voća i prerađevina utiču i drugi, neekonomski faktori, od kojih treba posebno istaći navike, običaje i tradicije u ishrani stanovništva.