Comparative review of brooding eggs of the Sombor Kaporka and Newhamphshire breeds bred in semi extensive breeding system

Abstract

In this paper result of external characteristics of brooding eggs originating from two breeds are presented, New-Hampshire and Sombor Crested, bread in semi extensive breeding system. Research was conducted on 30eggs from each analyzed breed, the parent flocks. Aim of the research was to examine the influence of genotype on basic egg quality parameters such as, weight, length, width and shape index for the brood as well as specifying the possibilities for preserving and enhancing the productive and reproductive traits of autochthonous chicken breeds compared to imported breeds. Obtained results point at the fact that Sombor Crested as autochthonous breed regarding the weight of eggs has similar results as New-Hampshire, as difference 1, 04 g has not shown any statistically significant difference (P>0,05). However, the obtained difference in length (0,48 cm) and width of the eggs (0,16 cm) were bigger at New-Hampshire breed and statistically significant (P lt 0,001), while at shape index difference of 1,00% was higher and statistically significant (P lt 0,001) at Sombor Crested. Results of conducted research shows that it is needed to pay more attention in brooding eggs quality, specially for autochthonous chicken breeds, then towards the breeding direction all with the goal to better their productive and reproductive traits. Moreover, by doing that we will preserve the autochthonous genetic potential of different species, breeds and lineages of chicken.

U radu su izloženi rezultati ispitivanja spoljašnjih osobina kvaliteta jaja za nasad poreklom od dve rase kokoši, Njuhempšir i Somborska kaporka, gajenih u poluekstenzivnom sistemu držanja. Ispitivanja su izvršena na uzorku od po 30 jaja od obe analizirane rase, odnosno matična jata. Cilj istraživanja je bio da se ispita uticaj genotipa na osnovne pokazatelje kvaliteta jaja, kao što su masa, dužina, širina i indeks oblika jaja za nasad i konkretnijeg sagledavanja mogućnosti očuvanja i unapređenja proizvodno - reproduktivnih sposobnosti autohnonih rasa kokoši u odnosu na uvozne rase. Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju na činjenicu da Somborska kaporka, kao autohtona rasa kokoši, u pogledu mase jaja ostvaruje slične rezultate kao Njuhempšir rasa, jer razlika od 1,04 g nije pokazala statistički značajnu razliku (P>0,05). Međutim, utvrđene razlike kod dužine (0,48 cm) i širine jaja (0,16 cm) su bile veće kod Njuhempšir rase kokoši i statistički signifikantne (P lt 0,001), dok je kod indeksa oblika razlika od 1,00% bila veća i statistički značajna (P lt 0,001) kod Somborske kaporke. Rezultati sprovedenih istraživanja ukazuju na to da je potrebno posvetiti veću pažnju ispitivanju kvaliteta jaja za nasad, naročito kod autohtonih rasa kokoši, zatim pravcu odgajivanja u cilju poboljšanja njihovih proizvodno - reproduktivnih sposobnosti, a samim tim i očuvanja autohtonog genetskog potencijala različitih vrsta, rasa i sojeva živine.