Currant problems in fruit and grape protection

Abstract

In this article the actual and economically important diseases, insect pests and integrated pest management (IPM) of fruit and grapes in Serbia were discussed. Different pest management measures were suggested, as well. In the pome fruits group the resistance of Ventura inaequalis to fungicides and fire blight were pointed as an actual problem. In stone fruits production it was stressed that the Plum pox virus (PPV) is still the biggest problem in Serbia. In the field of insect pests it was pointed out that apple codling moth resistance is emerging. Phytophthora root rot, which was the biggest problem in small fruit production in the last decade, was successfully controlled by production and planting healthy raspberry plants. In grapevine production the biggest problem emerged with Bois Noir phytoplasmas appearance. By taking preventive control measure the disease is under control. But, the ESCA complex diseases are getting more important. These diseases in Serbian grapes production need more attention.

U radu je ukazano na aktulene i ekonomski značajne bolesti, štetočine i probleme integralne zaštite voćaka i vinove loze u našoj zemlji. Istovremeno, predložene su i mere njihovog rešavanja u datom trenutku. Kod jabučastih voćaka ukazano je na problem rezistentnosti V. inaequalis prema fungicidima i na bakterioznu plamenjaču. Kod koštičavih voćaka najznačajniji problem je virus šarke šljive (PPV). Od insekata posebno je istaknut problem suzbijanja smotavaca, grinja i minera na jabuci. Fitoftoroza maline, aktuelna poslednje decenije, zahvaljujući rigoroznim merama kontrole sadnog metarijala je stavljena pod kontrolu. U vinogradarstvu je aktuelno prisustvo fitoplazmi i sušenje čokota vinove loze. Odgovarajućim merama kontrole fitoplazmoze vinove loze se uspešno kontrolišu, dok se problem sušenja čokota kod nas ne proučava, čemu bi hitno trebalo posvetiti odgovarajuću pažnju.