Biosecurity plans development on dairy and swine farms

Abstract

In this paper biosecurity plans for dairy and swine farms were scrutinized. These plans were defined on detail insight and relevance analysis of all biosecurity indicators. Great importance was given to possibility and significance of biosecurity plans introduction on farms of different capacity, rearing conditions and technology, while biosecurity plan existence and design, farm isolation issues, recently acquired animals introduction into herd policy, herd health status, staff attitude towards equipment, traffic control, visitors policy, feeding and watering control, manure management, carcasses disposal, other species on farm policy, birds and rodents control on farm and sanitation were analyzed. Obtained results indicate that there is problem in understanding, but also purposed negligence of wide and systematic application of biosecurity measures, and absence of any kind of written biosecurity plans, even farm technology elaborates, as well. Situation of almost all aspect of isolation would be much better if basic professional principles were consistently applied. There are problems in way of isolation and disposition of barns, recently acquired animals introduction into herd, foot bath maintaining, as well as manner of performing of repeating technological operations, such as feeding or milking. Also, disposal of used medical material makes serious problem, as well as carcass disposal. Sanitation procedures are often not followed or performed unsystematically, and data collecting concerning biosecurity issues on farm is not consistent and continuous.

Planovi biosigurnosti na farmama goveda i svinja različitih kapaciteta, uslova gajenja i tehnologije proizvodnje su definisani na osnovu detaljnog sagledavanja i analize relevantnosti svih indikatora biosigurnosti proizvodnje: pisani plan biosigurnosti proizvodnje na farmi, izolacija farme i pojedinačnih proizvodnih segmenata i operacija, uvođenje novonabavljenih životinja u zapat, zdravstveni status zapata, odnos osoblja prema opremi, kontrola kretanja i prometa, odnos prema posetiocima, kontrola ishrane i vodosnabdevanja, izđubravanje, uklanjanje leševa životinja, odnos prema drugim životinjama na farmi, kontrola populacija glodara i ptica i sanitacija. Postoji problem u shvatanju ili svesnom zanemarivanju značaja sistematske primene biosigurnosnih mera od strane zaposlenih, što se ogleda u apsolutnom nedostatku pisanih planova biosigurnosti, pa čak i tehnoloških elaborata za funkcionisanje stočarske proizvodnje. Problem predstavlja način izolovanja i raspored pojedinačnih objekata, uvođenje novonabavljenih grla u zapat, funkcionisanje dezobarijera, kao i način obavljanja tehnoloških operacija koje se ponavljaju, poput hranjenja ili muže, upotrebe medicinskog materijala, uklanjanja leševa. Procedure sanitacije objekata, sredstava i životinja se često ne poštuju, što važi i za vođenje podataka koji se odnose na predviđene i primenjene biosigurnosne mere.