Physical form of forage and total mixed ration for lactating dairy cows

Abstract

The researching results of forage - corn silage and alfalfa haylage physical form, at 4 dairy farms of PKB-Corporation in Belgrade, are shown in this paper. The particle size of total mixed ration (TMR) for dairy cows in the first stage of lactation (10-60 days) was also determined in this study. For forage and total mixed ration particle length determination the system of sieves-Penn State Particle Separator (PSPS) was used. It was concluded that at only one of four dairy farms the relative portion of corn silage and TMR fractions was within the recommended value. All samples of alfalfa haylage were different from the optimal ratio range for some physical fractions. The high values were found for correlation coefficients between the particle size of corn silage and TMR (r=0,97), and alfalfa haylage and TMR (r=0,94). It can be concluded that during preparation process of forages and improvement of physical form of corn silage and alfalfa haylage is necessary, and also improvement of total mixed ration physical form, using PSPS sieve system.

U radu su prikazani rezultati istraživanja fizičke forme kabastih hraniva - silaže cele biljke kukuruza i senaže lucerke, na 4 farme muznih krava PKB-Korporacije Beograd. U istraživanju je determinisan i stepen usitnjenosti kompletno mešanog obroka (TMR) za krave u 1. fazi laktacije (10-60 dana). Za determinisanje stepena usitnjenosti kabastih hraniva i miksovanog obroka, korišćen je uređaj-sistem sita Penn State Particle Separator (PSPS). Samo na jednoj od 4 farme, relativno učešće frakcija silaže i TMR-a odgovara preporučenim optimalnim vrednostima. Kada je u pitanju senaža lucerke, svi uzorci odstupaju od preporučenih vrednosti, u pogledu udela pojedinih frakcija čestica. Utvrđene su i visoke vrednosti za koeficijente korelacije, između stepena usitnjenosti silaže kukuruza i kompletnog obroka (r=0,97), i senaže lucerke i kompletnog obroka (r=0,94). Kao zaključak je navedena neophodnost optimizacije fizičke forme silaže kukuruza i senaže lucerke, prilikom pripreme hraniva, kao i kompletno mešanog obroka, korišćenjem uređaja-sistema sita PSPS.