Outbreak, intensity of infestation and control of two new Eriophyids, Aceria oleae and Ahevtchenkella barensis, on olive nursery plants in Montenegro

Abstract

Only two species of eriophyoid mites, Ditrimacus athiasella Keifer and Oxycenus maxwelli (Keifer), have been registered in Montenegro until recently. Late in April 2007, chlorotic spots and deformations were found on apical leaves of one-year old seedlings of the žutica variety in a greenhouse in the town of Bar. Two species of eriophyoid mites were identified from the collected material, Aceria oleae, a widely distributed species in Mediterranean countries, and Shevtchenkela barensis, described as a new species in the world acarofauna. The intensity of infestation was calculated from all visually examined seedlings (2,560), as well as the percentage of seedlings with observed symptoms. Applying the method of periodic sampling, 50 seedlings (2 % of the total number) were chosen. The intensity of injury was estimated on the new growth. Of the total number of examined seedlings, obvious symptoms were detected on 61.45% of the plants. Of the 50 chosen seedlings, 56 % had all of their young leaflets injuried. Mite control was applied three times. After the third treatment, new leaves without symptoms emerged, while untreated seedlings stopped to grow, their injuried leaves fell off and the seedlings ultimately dried out completely.

U Crnoj Gori su na maslini do sada, registrovane dvije vrste eriofidnih grinja: Ditrimacus athiasella Keifer i Oxycenus maxwelli (Keifer). Krajem aprila 2007. godine u jednom stakleniku u Baru, registrovane su hlorotične promjene i deformacije na vršnim listovima jednogodišnjih sadnica sorte žutica. Sa sakupljenog materijala identifikovane su dvije vrste eriofidnih grinja: Aceria oleae koja je široko raprostranjena u zemljama Mediterana i Shevtchenkela barensis koja je nova vrsta za svjetsku akarofaunu. Radi utvrđivanja intenziteta napada izvršen je vizuelni pregled svih sadnica u stakleniku (2560) i utvrđen procenat sadnica sa vidljivim simptomima napada. Metodom slučajnog izbora, odabrano je 50 sadnica (2% od ukupnog broja) i na novom prirastu izvršena ocjena intenziteta napada. Od ukupnog broja pregledanih sadnica na 61,45% utvrđeni su vidljivi simptomi napada, a od 50 odabranih, na 56% svi mladi listovi su bili napadnuti. Suzbijanje grinja obavljeno je u tri navrata preparatima na bazi dimetoata, sumpora i endosulfana. Nakon trećeg tretmana, pojavili su se mladi listovi na kojima nije bilo simptoma napada, dok su netretirane sadnice prestale sa rastom, napadnuti listovi su otpali što je dovelo do potpunog sušenja tih sadnica.