Variability of vineyard peach tree characteristics

Abstract

Vineyard peach seedlings are the most important rootstock for peach in Serbia and abroad. High variability is a characteristic of the vineyard peach planting material that is used as rootstock in nursery production. Through work of many years, vineyard peach genotypes with qualitative traits were selected and collected. Seedlings that are progeny of the nine selected genotypes and resulted from self and open pollination were examined. The vineyard peach seedlings resulted from uncontrolled pollination and with different geographical origin served as reference. A goal of research was to get vineyard peach genotypes that would give more uniform generative progeny with qualitative traits. This paper presents the results of two-year research of morphological traits of more than 500 vineyard seedlings. Based on the results, positive genotypes were selected for further inbreeding. Further, the seedlings of the selection 6 have the lowest coefficients of variation for trunk thickness, tree height and number of branches, which points to the self-pollination as a good method for getting more uniform progeny.

Sejanci vinogradske breskve su najvažnija podloga za breskvu u našoj zemlji i šire. Sadni materijal vinogradske breskve koji se koristi u rasadničarstvu kao podloga, karakteriše velika neujednačenost. Višegodišnjim radom su odabrani i kolekcionisani genotipovi sa kvalitetnim svojstvima. Ispitivanja su obavljena na sejancima koji predstavljaju potomstva devet odabranih genotipova, nastala samooplodnjom i slobodnom oplodnjom. Standard su predstavljali sejanci koji su nastali nekontrolisanom oplodnjom većeg broja genotipova, različitog geografskog porekla. Cilj rada je dobijanje genotipova vinogradske breskve koji će davati ujednačeno generativno potomstvo sa kvalitetnim osobinama. U radu su prikazani dvogodišnji rezultati ispitivanja morfoloških osobina stabla preko 500 sejanaca vinogradske breskve. Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata izdvojeni su pozitivni genotipovi za dalji inbriding. Najmanji koeficijenti varijacije kod sejanaca selekcije 6 za debljinu debla, visinu stabla i broj grana ukazuju da se samooplodnjom može dobiti potomstvo veće ujednačenosti.