The efficiency of domestic milk replacers use in calves nutrition

Abstract

In this paper are presented results of usage of domestic and imported milk replacers. Domestic replacer is produced in the Factory of plant oils and proteins "Bioprotein" from Obrenovac, within the business system "Bankom", Belgrade. Domestic milk replacer quality was adjusted according to modern regulations in calves’ nutrition. The best materials were applied as milk replacer’s ingredients. Basically it consisted of milk powder, whey powder, fool fat, heated and blanched NGM soybean, isolated soybean proteins, yeast, concentrated fats, dextrose, emulsifier, mineral and vitamin additives, antioxidant, amino acids, toxin adsorbents and other materials. Production was conducted on highly specialized equipment. Contents of bacteria per one gram of sample was lower than 50,000. There were no of fungi, mould or pathogenic microorganisms present in the sample. Calves were consuming milk replacers in the amount of 6-7 L daily, but divided in two equal quantities in the morning and evening. Period of liquid nutrition lasted two months, which was the end of the trial. During the trial, calves that were consuming domestic milk replacer achieved average daily body weight gain (526 g), higher compared to calves that were consuming imported milk replacer (479 g). The deference was statistically significant (p lt 0.05). There were no health disorders or mortality, in both groups of calves.

U radu su prikazani rezultati ispitivanja upotrebe domaće i uvozne zamene za mleko. Domaća zamena za mleko proizvedena je u Fabrici biljnih ulja i proteina "Bioprotein" iz Obrenovca, poslovni sistem "Bankom" Beograd. Kvalitet ove zamene za mleko bio je usaglašen sa savremenim normativima o potrebama teladi u hranljivim i drugim sastojcima. Bila je sačinjena na bazi najkvalitetnijih sirovina, pretežno domaćeg porekla (mleko u prahu, surutku u prahu, punomasno termički obrađeno brašno ljuštenog i genetski nemodifikovanog zrna soje, izolat proteina soje, kvasac, koncentrat masti, dekstroza, emulgator, mineralni dodaci, vitamini, antioksidant - BHT, aminokiseline, adsorbent toksina, aroma i drugi dodaci). Proizvodnja je obavljena na specijalizovanoj opremi. Sadržaj bakterija u uzorku bio je manji od 50.000 u gramu. Prisustvo gljivica, plesni i patogenih mikroorganizama nije utvrđeno. Zamena za mleko davana je teladima u količini od 6-7 L/dan, u dve jednake porcije (jutro i veče). Napajanje teladi tečnom hranom trajalo je do dva meseca uzrasta, odnosno kraja ogleda. Prosečan dnevni prirast teladi ogledne grupe napajane domaćom zamenom za mleko (526 g) bio je veći od prirasta teladi napajene uvoznom zamenom za mleko (479 g), pri čemu su utvrđene razlike bile statistički značajne (p lt 0,05). Zdravstvenih problema i uginuća teladi nije bilo, ni na jednom od ispitivanih tretmana.