Technical and technological solutions of modern usage of biomass for energy production in houses

Abstract

The potential of wood biomass could include the wood biomass from forests, wood biomass from agricultural areas and areas that are being afforestationed and wood remainders and waste wood from the wood industry. A realistic assessment of permanently disposable biomass is of vital importance for the owner of the energy or its consumer. The disposable potential is not dependent exclusively from the farm's natural conditions (altitude, terrain, etc.) and its other conditions (such as forest and agricultural areas, sawmill, etc.), but also from the preparation technology and usage of wood biomass (different types of wood pellets or classic firewood). Modern burning methods enable highly efficient usage of energy, minimum emissions of harmful substances and comfortable heating. Their introduction is hindered by high investment expenses, making subventions from public and government sources indispensable.

Kao potencijal drvne biomase može se uzeti u obzir deo drvne biomase iz šuma, drvna biomasa sa poljoprivrednih površina i površina u pošumljavanju i otpatci iz drvne industrije. Za vlasnika ili korisnika energije je od ključne važnosti realna procena potencijala (količina) drvne biomase. Potencijali nisu zavisni samo od prirodnih uslova (nadmorska visina, reljef) i od strukture poseda (površina šume, poljoprivredne površine, pilane), nego i od izabrane tehnologije pripreme i upotrebe drvne biomase (razni tipovi peleta ili klasično pripremljena drva za ogrev). Savremene tehnologije sagorevanja drvne biomase imaju visoku efikasnost, minimalne emisije CO2 i veliku komfornost upotrebe kod grejanja. Prepreke za uvođenje ovakvog načina korišćenja su visoki troškovi investicije, i neophodne su subvencije iz javnih finansijskih sredstava države.