Aphid resistance to insecticides

Abstract

According to numerous records worldwide aphids encompassing a group of insects have until now developed resistance to a considerable number of chemicals. Resistant aphid populations have not been proved in our country so far although some insecticides have shown poor efficiency in some crop growing regions. Two major aphid resistance mechanisms have been noted so far; i.e. increased capacity of insecticide deactivation due to an overproduction of esterase enzymes, and changes in the susceptibility at the site of action (changes in the structure of acetylcholinesterase and sodium channels on nerve membranes). An overview of what is currently known on aphid resistance to insecticides was given in the study. Different aspects of aphid resistance with respect to the mechanism of resistance and genetically based indications, viability of resistant populations including resistance management were discussed as well.

Lisne vaši predstavljaju grupu insekata koja je do danas razvila rezistentnost na brojna jedinjenja, o čemu svedoče mnogi podaci iz raznih delova sveta. Kod nas, za sada, ne postoje zvanične potvrde o pojavi rezistentnih populacija lisnih vašiju, iako su primećeni slabi efekti pojedinih insekticida u nekim proizvodnim područjima. U spektru mehanizama rezistentnosti lisnih vašiju do sada su detektovana dva mehanizma; povećan kapacitet deaktivacije insekticida usled prekomerne produkcije esteraznih enzima i promena osetljivosti mesta delovanja (promena u strukturi acetilholin esteraze i natrijumovih kanala na nervnim membranama). U ovom radu izložena su dosadašnja saznanja o rezistentnosti lisnih vašiju na insekticide. Prikazani su različiti aspekti rezistentnosti lisnih vašiju u odnosu na mehanizam i genetske osnove rezistentnosti, životnu sposobnost rezistentnih populacija, kao i mogućnost upravljanja rezistentnošću.