@article{
author = "Tasić, Aleksandra M. and Sredović-Ignjatović, Ivana and Ignjatović, Ljubiša M. and Duranović, Danijel and Antić, Mališa",
year = "2016",
abstract = "Three different techniques were applied for the aqueous extraction of anions from coal and fly ash: rotary mixer-and ultrasonic-assisted extraction with different duration time, and microwave-assisted extraction at different temperatures. Validation showed that the ion-chromatographic method was suitable for the analysis of anions in coal and fly ash extracts. The variations in the amounts of anions using different extraction times during rotary-assisted extraction were minimal for all investigated anions. The efficiency of ultrasound-assisted extraction of anions from coal depended on the sonication time and was highest at 30 min. The ultrasound-assisted extraction was less efficient for the extraction of anions from fly ash than rotary-assisted extraction. Increase of temperature in the microwave-assisted extraction had a positive effect on the amounts of all anions extracted from coal and sulphate from fly ash, while the amounts of fluoride and chloride in fly ash extracts decreased. The microwave-assisted extraction of coal at 150 degrees C was compared with standard ASTM methods, and results were in good agreement only for chloride. Changes in the pH value and conductivity during ultrasound-assisted extraction were measured in order to explain changes on the surface of coal particles in contact with water and different processes that occur under environmental conditions.",
publisher = "Srpsko hemijsko društvo, Beograd",
journal = "JOURNAL OF THE SERBIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY",
title = "Aqueous extraction of anions from coal and fly ash followed by ion-chromatographic determination",
pages = "1453-1441",
number = "12",
volume = "81",
doi = "10.2298/JSC160223086T"
}